Chapter 3 - Tissues Flashcards
What does the the Epithelial tissues offer ?
It offers
- Functions
- Locations
- Structures
- Blood Supply
- Basement membrane
What is the classifications of Epithelial tissue?
- Layering
2. Shaping
What are the two glandular epithelium?
- Exocrine
2. Endocrine
how does the endocrine works ?
- Secrete products into the interstitial fluid and diffuse directly
into the blood stream without flow through a duct.- e.g pituitary glands, thyroid, adrenals.
How does the exocrine glands works?
- secrete their products into ducts(tubes) that empty
onto the epithelial surface e.g sweat(stratified cuboidal
tissue) , salivary glands, intestinal
What kind of layering does the epithelial tissues has?
- Simple - one layer for the passage of substances
- involves in (Osmosis, filtration, Absorption, Diffusion
and Secretion)
- e.g simply squamous epithelial tissue (O2 of the lungs
and blood )
- lining of the heart and the blood vessels - pseudo-stratified- a single layer but not all the cells reach the free
surface , some have cilia, some will secrete mucous (goblet cells
are type of cell found in the respiratory and digestive tracts that
secret mucous) - Stratified - more than one layer ,
- good for protection-
e.g skin basement membrane ( the skin is stratified
squamous)
list the shapes of the Epithelial tissue?
1.Squamous- flat and thin (narrow with a wide plate-like surface
area.
- rapid movement of substances (simple)
- protection (stratified)-
e.g skin (stratified squamous)
2. Cuboidal - cube or hexagon shaped
- free surface may have Microvilli
- good for secretion or absorption
e.g sweat glands-stratified cuboidal
3. Columnar - taller than wide.
- free surface may have cilia or Microvilli.
- good for either absorption or secretion.
What is the Definition of tissue and how many kinds?
- Tissue is a group of similar cells that function together
(similar function) to perform specialized activities.
There are 4 major groups of tissues:- Epithelial - covers body surfaces, line organs,hollow lining, forms
glands, protect organs from acidity. - Connective - supporting and connecting
e.g bone, cartilage, blood and adipose tissue - Muscular - contract cells - moving muscles, limbs, heart from
one cell to another. - Nervous- make up of the nervous system..
- Epithelial - covers body surfaces, line organs,hollow lining, forms
What is simple squamous epithelium tissue particularly well suited for?
Simple squamous epithelium, due to their structure, are very useful in the process of ;
- transmembrane diffusion, allowing certain molecules to freely move
through the membrane of the cell,
- as well as lining cavities and the internal spaces of vessels.
give examples of simple squamous ? and its use?
- The glomeruli of the kidneys
- Lymph vessels
- Lining the chambers of the heart
- Uses;
1. Transmembrane diffusion
2. lining spaces of vessels & the internal cavities
What does it mean if cells are simple?
There is only a single layer of cells.
Simple squamous epithelium includes ____ layer of _________ cells.
one layer of flattened
The four functions of epithelial tissues? (hint; PEAS)
- protection,
- excretion,
- absorption,
- secretion
what describes epithelial tissues?
- It has no blood vessels (avascular)
2. It has a nerve supply (neural)
What are the four characteristics of epithelial tissue ?
- covers the body surface
- lines hollow organs, body cavities, and ducts
- forms glands
- composed of cells that are arranged in continuous sheets(single or
multiple layers) to cover all free surfaces
What is the function of the Epithelial tissue? (HINT:PSS)
- selective barriers (skin)
- secretory surfaces (mucous glands)
- protective surfaces (skin)
What are the six locations of the epithelial tissue in the body?
- skin
- gastrointestinal tract
- respiratory tract
- urinary tract
- lining of blood vessels and the heart
- glands
What is the structure of the Epithelial tissue? (HINT; FLB)
- free surface (aka apical(vertical on top))
- lateral surfaces
- basal surfaces
Does the Epithelial tissue has a blood supply?
- epithelial tissue is avascular ( it has no blood supply)
2. epithelial tissue has a nerve supply
What are the characteristics of the basement membrane ?
- a thin layer that anchors to the epithelial cells to the
underlying connective tissue - supports the epithelium
- provides a surface for cell migration during growth or wound
healing.
e.g thickening of the basement membrane can affect the B/P, Vision &
Diabetes.
What is the connective tissue made of ? and its properties?
- made of extracellular matrix ( the material between the cells)
- cells
- most CT has;
- blood supplies
- nerve supplies
- most CT has;
Give examples of connective tissues?
- tendons (muscle to bone) which are hypo-vascular
(less blood flow and less delivery of nutrients) - cartilage is neural and avascular
- ligaments( bone to bone )
What is the 6 functions of the connective tissue?
HINT; PSBITE
- protection
- support/definition
- binding
- transportation
- energy
- immunity
What does the extracellular materials made of or contains?
It contains;
- protein fibers (collagen ,elastin and reticular)
- ground substance (more of a ground substance/fluid like gel)