Chapter 6 - Nervous Sys-Part-2

Question 1

the brain and spinal cord are part of the ——

Answer 1

CNS

Question 2

1. Cranial nerves and their branches,
2. Spinal nerves and their branches
3. Ganglia
4. Enteric plexuses
5. Sensor receptors
   are all part of the ……………………nervous system

Answer 2

PNS (potential nervous system)

Question 3

a cluster of neuronal cell bodies in the CNS ———

Answer 3

Nucleus

Question 4

a cluster of neuronal cell bodies in the PNS ———

Answer 4

Ganglion

Question 5

A bundle of axons in the CNS called ———

Answer 5

tract

Question 6

Interconnect neurons in the spinal cord and brain called ———-

Answer 6

tracts

Question 7

A bundle of Axons in the PNS called —–

Answer 7

nerve

Question 8

Peripheral nerves connect the spinal cord to the——-

Answer 8

Periphery

Question 9

Cranial nerves connect the brain to the ——–

Answer 9

periphery

Question 10

Collections of cell bodies and unmyelinated nerve fibres in the CNS

Answer 10

Grey matter

Question 11

Collections of myelinated axons on the CNS

Answer 11

White matter

Question 12

What is the structure of the nervous sys;

Answer 12

1. CNS

2. PNS

Question 13

CNS- Spinal Cord

encased in the ———-

Answer 13

Vertebrae (bones of the spine)

Question 14

CNS- Spinal Cord

Extends from the bottom part of the brain stem to ——–

Answer 14

L2 (2nd lumbar vertebra)

Question 15

CNS- Spinal Cord

At L2 it tapers into a structure called the———

Answer 15

conus medullaris

Question 16

CNS- Spinal Cord

The roots of the spinal nerves below the conus medullaris called ——————

Answer 16

cauda equina

Question 17

CNS- Spinal Cord (Structure)

————surrounding an inner core of grey matter

Answer 17

White matter

Question 18

CNS- Spinal Cord (Structure)

2 grooves that divide the white matter into right and left sides called ————–

Answer 18

Anterior median fissure and posterior median sulcus

Question 19

CNS- Spinal Cord (Structure)

a small tube in the centre of the spinal cord (SC) that contains CSF called ———–

Answer 19

central canal

Question 20

In Grey Matter each side is divided into regions called ——–

Answer 20

horns

Question 21

Posterior called horns; it is the axon of —————and ————-in the Gray Matter

Answer 21

incoming sensory neurons and interneurons

Question 22

Anterior horn in the gray matter called——- in the Grey matter

Answer 22

motor nuclei , where neurons are leaving

Question 23

Lateral horn in the Grey matter are found in the;
1.———–
2.———-
3.———-
and they contain the ————- ———.

Answer 23

1. thoracic
2. upper lumbar
3. sacral portion
   - sympathetic nuclei

Question 24

In the White matter each side is divided into regions called ———–

Answer 24

columns

Question 25

The white matter has 3 regions;

Answer 25

1. Anterior (aka ventral) columns 2. Posterior (aka dorsal) columns 3. Lateral columns

Question 26

In the White matter each columns consist of ---------(------) that have common region or destination.

Answer 26

axons (tracts)

Question 27

In the White matter,--------------tracts consist of axon that conduct APs toward the brain.

Answer 27

Sensory (ascending) | brain

Question 28

In the White matter,--------------tracts consist of axon that conduct APs away from the brain.

Answer 28

motor (aka descending)

Question 29

There are 4 structure to the brain:

Answer 29

1. brain stem 2. cerebellum 3. diencephalon 4. cerebrum

Question 30

Continuos with the spinal cord (SC) it is the part between the SC and the diencephalon called----------

Answer 30

the brain stem

Question 31

There are 3 regions to the brain stem: | Those regions contain the ----------------------

Answer 31

1. Medulla Oblongata 2. Pons 3. Midbrain the nuclei of specific cranial nerves

Question 32

The net-like reticular formation extends through the ----------

Answer 32

brain stem

Question 33

Brain stem: Contains centers (nuclei) for the control of heart, blood pressure, breathing, swallowing and vomiting called------------

Answer 33

Medulla Oblongata

Question 34

Brain stem contains centres for the control of breathing

Answer 34

Pons

Question 35

Brain Stem contain centers for reflex visual activities (e.g. tracking moving objects, scanning stationary objects), hearing called ------

Answer 35

Midbrain

Question 36

In the Midbrain contains a nuclei called the -------------- ---------- neuron that make dopamine extend from it.

Answer 36

substantial nigra ( where dopamine is made)

Question 37

Brain Stem The Retucula formation a net like formation of neural tissue that spreads throughout the brain stem contains the ------------which help to perform 4 functions;

Answer 37

(RAS) Reticular activating system 1. consciousness 2. maintain attention 3. prevent sensory overload by filtering out insignificant information 4. regulate muscle tone

Question 38

---------------is posterior to the brain stem

Answer 38

Cerebellum

Question 39

-------------------smoothest and coordinate skeletal muscle contraction and regulates posture and balance.

Answer 39

Cerebellum

Question 40

Diencephalon contains 3 parts:

Answer 40

1. Hypothalamus 2. Thalamus 3. epithalamus

Question 41

------------is the major relay station for most sensory input to the cerebral cortex.

Answer 41

Thalamus

Question 42

---------------contains the pineal gland, and involved in smelling (especially emotional responses to smells) and secreted melatonin

Answer 42

Epithalamus

Question 43

-----------------major regulator of homeostasis, hormone production, eating, drinking, body temp, controls and integrate the autonomic nervous system(ans) , emotion and behavior(with limbic system), circadian rhythm.

Answer 43

Hypothalamus

Question 44

Diencephalon (a 24 hour cycle in the biochemical, physiological and/or behavioral processes of living things) called ---------------found in the ------------------

Answer 44

Circadian Rhythm | Hypothalamus

Question 45

-----------------2 halves or hemispheres (right and left)

Answer 45

cerebrum

Question 46

Cerebrum consists of: An outer rim of --------------------(--------------) and it has an inner region of ---------------------

Answer 46

``` grey matter (cerebral cortex) white matter ```

Question 47

-----------has a gray matter nuclei deep within the white

Answer 47

Cerebrum

Question 48

Cerebrum -------------- contains sensory area involved in perception and contains motor areas involved in the execution of voluntary movements.

Answer 48

Cerebral cortex

Question 49

---------------is the outer region of the cerebrum

Answer 49

cerebral cortex

Question 50

Cerebrum --------------------contains areas that deal with more complex functions like memory, emotions, reasoning , will, judgment, personality traits, intelligence

Answer 50

Association areas(white matter)

Question 51

Cerebrum --------aka basal nuclei , helps to regulate the starting and stoping of a movement and to reset muscle tone

Answer 51

Basal Ganglia

Question 52

Cerebrum | -----------helps to control subconscious contraction of skeletal muscles and suppress unwanted movement.

Answer 52

Basal Ganglia

Question 53

Cerebrum Functionally the basal Ganglia are linked to the ------- ---------

Answer 53

substantial nigra (produces Dopamine)

Question 54

---------------involved smelling , emotions, memory. It is also part of the hypothalamus, hippocampus,amygdala and other nearby structures.

Answer 54

The limbic system

Question 55

------------functions in memory (encoding, consolidation, and retrieval)

Answer 55

Hippocampus

Question 56

--------------very important in converting short-term memory into long-term memory

Answer 56

Hippocampus

Question 57

---------important in emotional function (esp.fear)

Answer 57

Amygdala

Question 58

connective tissues of the CNS called---------

Answer 58

Meninges

Question 59

-----------three protective layers of CT that encircle the brain and SC.

Answer 59

Meninges

Question 60

connective tissues of the CNS | tough outer layer called ---------

Answer 60

dura mater

Question 61

connective tissues of the CNS | middle layer called --------

Answer 61

arachnoid membrane

Question 62

------------they cover the brain/SC up to the point where the nerves exit the spinal cord.

Answer 62

connective tissues of the CNS

Question 63

----------the adipose and CT-filled space between the wall of the ----------canal and the dura mater .

Answer 63

epidural space vertebrae (no epidural space in the brain)

Question 64

-------------interstitial fluid-filled space between the dura mater and arachnoid membrane.

Answer 64

subdural

Question 65

------------CSF filled space between the arachnoid membrane and the the pia mater

Answer 65

Subarachnoid space