Chapter 6 Sensation and Perception Flashcards
Figure-ground concept
The idea that something is in the “Front” and another image in the back. Example: candle
Illusory Contours
SOmething we can see that isn’t really there (ex: triangle based on contours)
Context Effect
Context helping our minds elliminate oddities (Ex: CAT HAT)
Depth Perception
The way objects relate to eachother in space and how we percieve that information (ex the impossible cube)
Binocular Cues
using both eyes to percieve
Monocular
Using each eye seperatly to perceive
Where are predators vs. preys eyes located on head?
Prey on the sides (so they can see wide range) Predator in the front (so they can see detail)
The Ponzo Illusion
The railroad example. Angles effect how long we think two bars are.
The Ames Box
We have models that we work with that when distorted, make it difficult to organize what we see. Box without right angles and person looks huge
Muller Lyon Illusion
The ends of lines having outward arrow or inward arrow affecting our peception of line length
Perceptual Set
Mental predisposition to perceive one thing over the other (lady/old man pic)
Perceptual Adaptation
Ability to quickly adjust to manipulated visual field
Bottom Up Processing
Using raw receptor stimuli information to interpret the outside world
Top Down Processing
using high level processing and feeding off of previous experience to form perception
Transduction
Taking raw stimuli and transforming it into signals that can be send to the brain
Absolute Threshold
Amount of stimulant needed to react 50 percent of the time
Subliminal
stimuli that fall below the absolute threshold for awareness
Priming
associations made unconsiously that predispose us to perceive a certain way
Difference Threshold
minimal difference needed for a person to detect 1/2 the time
Webers Law
for something to be different it must meet minimal percentage
Sensory Adaptation
diminished sensitivity to stimuli because of constant presence
Parallel Processing
visual cortex processes color, motion, depth in different areas all at once
Young Helmholtz trichromaticc theory
there are three color receptors in retina that fight to express color
Opponent Process Theory
Three “color battles” exist. Red and green go town same tunnel so can’t see red and green at same time
Cochlea
snail shaped tube in inner ear responsible for vibrating which causes signal to be sent to brain
Cochlea Implant
Insertable implant that functions to tranfer hearing to electrical impulses that are sent to the brain
gate control theory
spinal cord opens and closes based on sensitivity to pain
controlling pain
use distraction and placebos to increase pain threshold
