Chapter 6 Photosynthesis

Question 1

is the process by which plants and other photoautotrophs generate
carbohydrates and oxygen from carbon dioxide, water, and light energy.

Answer 1

Photosynthesis

Question 2

(“self-feeders using light”) are organisms that can
synthesize their own food by using light as a source of energy.

Answer 2

Photoautotrophs

Question 3

, are organisms which derive their energy from
chemical processes rather than photosynthesis.

Answer 3

Chemoautotrophs

Question 4

LIGHT REACTION (3)

Answer 4

PHOTOPHOSPHORYLATION;
NADP REDUCTION;
Photolysis

Question 5

photosynthesis is able to capture energy from sunlight and convert into chemical energy in the form of
_____, which is used to make sugars and other molecular
compounds.

Answer 5

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P)

Question 6

light dependent reaction requires sunlight wherein energy
from sunlight is absorbed by the chlorophyll and converted into stored energy, in the form of
the electron carrier molecule ____ and
the energy currency molecule ____.

Answer 6

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH);
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 7

light-dependent reactions
take place in the ___ in the granum (stack of thylakoids), within the
chloroplast

Answer 7

thylakoid membrane

Question 8

are large complexes of proteins and pigments (light-absorbing molecules)
that are optimized to harvest light, play a key role in the light reactions.

Answer 8

Photosystems

Question 9

special pairs:
photosystem I = __-,
photosystem II is called __-.

Answer 9

P700
P680

Question 10

is the process by which ADP gets converted into ATP, utilizing
light energy from photosynthesis

Answer 10

Photophosphorylation

Question 11

synthesizes energy-rich ATP molecules by transferring a
phosphate group into an ADP molecule in the presence of light.

Answer 11

Photophosphorylation

Question 12

2 ways of photophosphorylation

Answer 12

cyclic
non cyclic

Question 13

where it occurs?

cyclic Photophosphorylation =
non cyclic =

Answer 13

cyclic= stroma lamella or fret channels
non cyclic = thylakoid membrane

Question 14

in cyclic Photophosphorylation,

The electron starts from
a pigment complex called ___, then passes from the primary acceptor to
__, followed by ___, then to ___, and then to
__-before returning to photosystem-I

Answer 14

photosystem I;
ferredoxin;
plastoquinone;
cytochrome b6f;
plastocyanin

Question 15

In this electron transport system, the electron ejected from the P700 molecule is
cycled back instead of reducing the NADP.

Answer 15

cyclic photophosphorylation

Question 16

This photophosphorylation process neither produces O2 nor NADPH and occurs in both aerobic
and anaerobic conditions.

Answer 16

cyclic photophosphorylation

Question 17

lost electrons by
P680 of Photosystem II get occupied by P700 of Photosystem I

Answer 17

Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation

Question 18

In Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation, PSI is reduced by electrons coming from ___, and the PSII gets reduced by
electrons coming from __.

Answer 18

PSII;
water

Question 19

in ETC, Electrons from Photosystem II (PSII) are transferred to PSI via ___,
replenishing the electrons lost by PSI.

Answer 19

plastocyanin

Question 20

in etc, high-energy electrons are then passed to ___, a small iron-sulfur
protein that acts as an electron carrier.

Answer 20

ferredoxin,

Question 21

is the enzyme responsible for the final
step of electron transfer. It catalyzes the transfer of electrons from reduced
ferredoxin to NADP+.

Answer 21

Ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase (FNR)

Question 22

Role of NADPH is seen in

Answer 22

Calvin Cycle

Question 23

is involved in other biosynthetic pathways and protects the cell against
oxidative stress

Answer 23

NADPH

Question 24

is formed by the addition of a phosphate group to NAD+ (this reaction is
catalyzed by the enzyme ___)

Answer 24

NADP+;
NAD kinase

Question 25

is a coenzyme involved in various metabolic processes, including cellular
respiration and photosynthesis.

Answer 25

NAD⁺

Question 26

functions as a carrier molecule, traps electrons (e-) and protons (H+), and
transfers electrons and protons to where they are needed in the cell.

Answer 26

NAD+

Question 27

is the breakdown of
particular substances in the presence of light.

Answer 27

Photolysis

Question 28

site of photolysis

Answer 28

PSII in the thylakoid membrane

Question 29

main purpose of photolysis is to produce __ and __, which are then used in the light
independent reaction, the next stage of photosynthesis

Answer 29

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) and
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH)

Question 30

Photolysis involves the following
steps:

Answer 30

Absorption of light energy:
Electron transfer:
Water splitting

Question 31

during the electron transfer in photolysis, electron is then transferred to the
primary electron acceptor, __, followed by a series of electron carriers in the electron
transport chain.

Answer 31

pheophytin

Question 32

As electrons are transferred through the electron transport chain, they are
used to pump protons (H+) from the __into the ___, creating a proton gradient.

Answer 32

stroma ;
thylakoid lumen;

Question 33

water splitting stage of photolysis:
electrons from the electron transport chain are transported to Photosystem I (PSI) via the
electron carrier ___ and transfer causes the reduction of ____,

Answer 33

Plastoquinone (PQ);
NADP+ to
NADPH

Question 34

Within the ___ H2O splits into oxygen and hydrogen on the ___

Answer 34

Thylakoid lumen; oxygen-evolving complex