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Comm 100 > Chapter 6: Nonverbal Communication > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Nonverbal Communication Flashcards

1
Q

Nonverbal Communication

A
  • transmission of meaning through unspoken physical and behavioral cues
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2
Q

Auditory

A
  • pitch and tone
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3
Q

Visual

A
  • facial expressions, gestures, postures, appearance
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4
Q

Tactile

A
  • physical contact
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5
Q

Incongruent messages

A
  • when verbal and nonverbal behaviors contradict
  • nonverbal messages trusted more than verbal
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6
Q

Congruent messages

A
  • when verbal and nonverbal communication match
  • perceived as direct, honest
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7
Q

Nonverbal Communication Blends w/ Verbal Communication

A
  • replace verbal expressions with nonverbal messages
  • repeat verbal messages
  • deliberately contradict verbal with nonverbal messages
  • enhance meaning of verbal messages
  • spotlight parts of verbal messages
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8
Q

Nonverbal Communication is Influenced by Gender

A

only two substantial gender differences found in study conducted
- across cultures, women tend to smile more and furrow their brows less than men do

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9
Q

Nonverbal Communication is Influenced by Culture

A
  • different cultures have different display rules
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10
Q

High-contact cultures

A
  • prefer frequent touching, shared gaze
  • close physical proximity, direct body orientation
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11
Q

Low-contact cultures

A
  • prefer infrequent touching, little shared gaze
  • larger physical distance, indirect body orientation
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12
Q

Body movement

A

kinesics refers to body movement
- encompasses most of the cues people typically think of as nonverbal communication

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13
Q

Facial expiressions

A
  • have most impact when communicating
  • everything from eyebrows to lips convey mood and emotion
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14
Q

Eye contact

A
  • shows attention, interest affections, and aggression
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15
Q

Gestures

A
  • hand movements
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16
Q

Emblems

A
  • substitute for verbal statements
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17
Q

Illustrators

A
  • accent verbal messages
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18
Q

Regulators

A
  • help control turn-taking
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19
Q

Adaptors

A
  • touching gestures that serve psychological or physical purpose
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20
Q

Body Postures

A
  • straightness of one’s back
  • shoulders
  • the angle of one’s body lean
  • one’s head
  • powerful impact on others’ impressions
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21
Q

Vocalics

A
  • vocal characteristics used to communicate nonverbal messages
  • create distinct impressions for listeners
22
Q

Tone

A
  • resonance and breathiness of one’s voice
23
Q

Pitch

A
  • frequency range of one’s voice (high or low)
24
Q

Loudness

A
  • volume of one’s voice
25
Q

Speech rate

A
  • how quickly one speaks
26
Q

Touch

A
  • haptics refers to touch
  • functional-professional touch
  • used to accomplish tasks
27
Q

Social- polite touch

A
  • social norms, expectations
28
Q

Friendship-warmth touch

A
  • expresses liking for another person
29
Q

Love-intimacy touch

A
  • convey deep emotional feeling
30
Q

Sexual-arousal touch

A
  • intended to physically stimulate another person
31
Q

Agressive-hostile touch

A

-forms of physical violence

32
Q

Proxemics

A
  • distance we position ourselves from others while communicating
33
Q

Intimate space

A
  • 0 to 18 inches
  • extremely close
34
Q

Personal space

A
  • 18 inches to 4 feet
  • encounters with friends
35
Q

Social space

A
  • workplace or w/acquaintances, strangers
36
Q

Public Space

A
  • 12 feet or more
  • formal occasions
  • space preferences vary based on cultures
37
Q

Appearance

A
  • “attractive” people viewed in good ways
  • people judge based on visible attributes (hair, clothing, body type)
38
Q

Artifacts

A
  • possessions that communicate identity to others
39
Q

Environmental features

A
  • fixed and semi-fiex features
40
Q

Fixed features

A
  • relatively stable parts of environment
  • walls, ceilings, floors
41
Q

Semi-fixed features

A
  • impermanent, usually easy to change
  • furniture, lighting, color
42
Q

Conveying meaning

A
  • nonverbal communication conveys meaning directly and indirectly
43
Q

Affect displays

A
  • intentional or unintentional behaviors depicting actual or feigned emotion
44
Q

Presenting self

A
  • shift nonverbal communication to present oneself appropriately
45
Q

Managing interactions

A
  • use regulators, eye contact, touch, etc.
  • nonverbal communication signals who speaks
  • reading others’ nonverbal communication signaling listening, engagement
46
Q

Intimacy

A
  • bonding or union between ourselves and others
  • nonverbal communication differs by interaction
47
Q

Enhancing nonverbal expressiveness

A
  • accurately convey feelings, attitudes through nonverbal communication
48
Q

How to improve enhancing nonverbal expressiveness

A
  • strengthen awareness of your own behavior
  • solicit feedback from others
49
Q

Inhibiting nonverbal behaviors

A
  • Inhibit, or control, nonverbal behaviors
  • many cultures have display rules discouraging direct expressions of powerful emotions
  • practice critical self-reflection
  • identify situations that evoke strong emotional reactions
50
Q

Checking nonverbal attributions

A
  • interpret meaning, intent behind others’ nonverbal behavior
  • people’s behavior rarely stems from one simple cause
  • consider cultures and genders of people involved and communication context
  • practice perception-checking

Comm 100 (12 decks)

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