Chapter 6 Lab Vocab

Question 1

Cartilage

Answer 1

A supporting connective tissue with a dense and firm extracellular matrix and collagen fiber. Varying amount of elastic fibers gives varying degrees of flexibility.

Question 2

Bone

Answer 2

A supporting connective tissue with a dense and firm extracellular matrix and collagen fiber. Calcium phosphate and other chemicals make bone more solid than cartilage.

Question 3

Hyaline Cartilage

Answer 3

Forms the articular cartilage on the ends of long bones, the coastal cartilages that attach the ribs to the sternum, and the rings that support the trachea. It contains a lot of collagen fibers providing firm support with some flexibility

Question 4

Elastic Cartilage

Answer 4

Most flexible type of cartilage due to high proportion of elastic fibers in the matrix. Found in outer structure of the ear and in the epiglottis.

Question 5

Fibrocartilage

Answer 5

Contains densely backed collagen fibers that contribute to its function of support. Makes up the intervertebral discs, the cubic sypmhysis (anterior joint between two coxal bones, and the menisci in your knees.

Question 6

Chondrocyte

Answer 6

Hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage.

Question 7

Lacuna

Answer 7

The space in the extracellular matrix that chondrocytes occupy.

Question 8

Compact Bone

Answer 8

Bones in which the lamellae

Question 9

Spongy Bone

Answer 9

Spongy bone( also called cancellous bone) is made up of small, needle-like pieces of bone arranged like a honeycomb. Spongy bone helps to lessen the weight of a bone while still providing strength.

Question 10

Osteocyte

Answer 10

a cell that lies within the substance of fully formed bone. It occupies a small chamber called a lacuna, which is contained in the calcified matrix of bone. Osteocytes derive from osteoblasts, or bone-forming cells, and are essentially osteoblasts surrounded by the products they secreted. Osteocytes are the most abundant type of cell in mature bone tissue. They also are long-lived, surviving as long as the bone they occupy exists. The osteocyte is capable of bone deposition and resorption. It also is involved in bone remodeling by transmitting signals to other osteocytes in response to even slight deformations of bone caused by muscular activity. In this way, bone becomes stronger if additional stress is placed on it

Question 11

Calcium Phosphate

Answer 11

Hardens bone and is important in resisting compressive forces

Question 12

Canaliculus

Answer 12

Connections between the lacunae in the bone

Question 13

Lamella

Answer 13

Thin layers in the matrix of bones

Question 14

Central Canal

Answer 14

The center in which all lamellae surround in compact bone

Question 15

Perforating Canal

Answer 15

canals that are perpendicular to central canals which connect central canals together

Question 16

Concentric Lamella

Answer 16

The formation of lamellae within compact bone

Question 17

Osteon

Answer 17

Formed by a central canal and lamellae around it (usually has about 5 layer)

Question 18

Haversian system

Answer 18

Another term for osteons

Question 19

Interstitial Lamella

Answer 19

The lamellae the fill the gaps between osteons

Question 20

Circumferential Lamella

Answer 20

Layers of lamellae around the outermost layer of compact bone

Question 21

Periosteum

Answer 21

Outer covering of bone

Question 22

Endosteum

Answer 22

Inner covering of bone

Question 23

Perforating Fiber

Answer 23

aka. Sharpey’s fibers, connects the periosteum to the other surface of the bone (Made of collagen)