Chapter 3 Lab Vocab

Question 1

Epithelial Tissue

Answer 1

Tissues that cover surfaces of the body, both external and internal.

Question 2

Connective Tissue

Answer 2

Tissue that supports, protects, and gives structure to other tissues and organs in the body. Connective tissue also stores fat, helps move nutrients and other substances between tissues and organs, and helps repair damaged tissue. Connective tissue is made up of cells, fibers, and a gel-like substance.

Question 3

Nervous Tissue

Answer 3

Nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities. It stimulates muscle contraction, creates an awareness of the environment, and plays a major role in emotions, memory, and reasoning.

Question 4

Muscle Tissue

Answer 4

Muscle tissue is composed of cells that have the special ability to shorten or contract in order to produce movement of the body parts.

Question 5

Apical Surface

Answer 5

The surface of epithelium that is exposed to the outside of the body or the lumen

Question 6

Lumen

Answer 6

Internal body cavities lined with epithelial tissues

Question 7

Tight Junction

Answer 7

multiprotein junctional complexes between epithelial cells,, sealing and preventing leakage of solutes and water.

Question 8

Desmosome

Answer 8

One type of adhesion between two epithelial cells; a type of intercellular junction that holds cells together at a single point (like a button)

Question 9

Basement Membrane

Answer 9

Connects the basal surface of the epithelium to an underlying layer of connective tissue

Question 10

Basal Surface

Answer 10

the bottom edge of the cell or tissue adjacent to the basement membrane.

Question 11

Avascular

Answer 11

having few or no blood vessels

Question 12

Simple

Answer 12

An epithelium made of one layer of cells

Question 13

Stratified

Answer 13

An epithelium made with two or more layers of cells

Question 14

Squamous

Answer 14

Pancake shaped cells

Question 15

Cuboidal

Answer 15

cube shaped cells

Question 16

Columnar

Answer 16

elongated cells

Question 17

Glomerulus

Answer 17

A bundle of capillaries surrounded by the glomerular capsule.

Question 18

Glomerular Capsule

Answer 18

Structures in the kidneys made of simple squamous epithelium

Question 19

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Answer 19

The thinnest epithelial tissue often found where the exchange of materials occurs.

Question 20

Endothelium

Answer 20

The simple squamous tissue found in capillaries, inner linings of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.

Question 21

Mesothelium

Answer 21

Single squamous epithelial cells of the serous membranes that produce serous fluid

Question 22

Alveolus

Answer 22

Structures in the lungs made of simple squamous epithelium responsible for the exchange of gas

Question 23

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Answer 23

A single layer of cube shaped cells that can be found in the kidneys tubules and various glands. Responsible for the absorption of materials into or from a tube or cavity

Question 24

Renal Tubule

Answer 24

A structure in the kidney that begins with the glomerular capsule and is made of simple cuboidal epithelial barring the glomerular capsule. This structure reabsorbs nutrients from filtrate.

Question 25

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Answer 25

Row of elongated cells found in the lining of the digestive tract, ducts of some glands, and polos of the respiratory and female reproductive tracts.

Question 26

Goblet Cell

Answer 26

Found in all simple columnar epithelium, these cells create much which can be used as both a lubricant and a barrier for body cavities

Question 27

Microvillus

Answer 27

On apical surface of simple columnar epithelial cells in the digestive tract to increase the area of absorption of nutrients

Question 28

Cilium

Answer 28

Found on apical surfaces of simple columnar epithelium n the respiratory and reproductive tracts with goal of removing degree from mucus.

Question 29

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

Answer 29

One layer of columnar cells that look like two because of close proximity. These cells are found in the lining of much of the respiratory tract and portions of the male reproductive tract.