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Psychology Human Growth & Development > Chapter 6 Infant Social Development > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Infant Social Development Flashcards

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1
Q

When do infants first show emotion?

A

at birth

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2
Q

Disgust from babies was first considered a survival tactic to ward off nasty things that could kill the baby. True or false?

A

true

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3
Q

Stranger anxiety is,

A

weariness of not knowing someone well, occurs 6-12 months

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4
Q

Separation anxiety is,

A

distress from separation of attachment figure, occurs 8-14 months

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5
Q

Anger in older infants occur,

A

when their is goal directed behavior, autonomy is also present, considered to be the terrible two’s, occurs 6/18-36 months

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6
Q

Stubbornness in older infants,

A

due to understanding and wanting to say “no” to everything as well as needing guidance

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7
Q

Social referencing is,

A

relying on another person’s emotional reaction to appraise an uncertain situation

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8
Q

Self-conscious emotions occur,

A

around 18 months and develop throughout life

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9
Q

The two biggest emotions children are guided towards are,

A

guilt + empathy b/c those are the hardest emotions to understand for children

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10
Q

Emotional Self regulation,

A

are self soothing behaviors for children to do on their own (i.e. breathing, counting down to 1 from 10, and singing to oneself)

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11
Q

Seduction theory is when,

A

children who were seduced by adults will have a mental illness later on in life

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12
Q

Erikson’s Psychosocial stages we will focus on are,

A

Trust vs. Mistrust

Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt

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13
Q

Castration anxiety is,

A

the fear of loss of a penis

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14
Q

Trust vs. Mistrust is,

A

tied to attachment due to care

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15
Q

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt is,

A

being able to do things on their own vs I cannot do things on my own

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16
Q

Parent’s who take good care of their child’s basic needs and supply adequate affection help the child develop,

  • initiative
  • industry
  • autonomy
  • trust
A

trust

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17
Q

Temperament traits are,

A

innate and can be measured when kids are born due to stability, personality and may differ from sibling to sibling.

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18
Q

There are 9 things that help determine temperament, what are they?

A 
activity level
rhythmicity
approach-withdrawal
adaptability
intensity of reaction
threshold of responsiveness
quality of mood
attention span/persistence
distractibility
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19
Q

Structure of temperament

A

easy, difficult, slow-to-warm-up, unclassified/mixture

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20
Q

Easy %

A

40%

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21
Q

Difficult %

A

10%

22
Q

Slow-to-warm-up %

A

15%

23
Q

Unclassified/mixture %

A

35%

24
Q

Biological basis for Temperament

A

Inhibited/shy vs. Uninhibited/sociable

25
Q

Inhibited/shy children,

A
  • react negatively, withdraw
  • ^ <3 rate, ^ stress, ^ symptoms from stress
  • ^ right hemi frontal cortex activity
26
Q

Uninhibited/social children,

A
  • react positively, approach
  • decrease <3 rate, stress, and symptoms from stress
  • ^ left hemi frontal cortex activity
27
Q

Attachment function, proximity seeking, and working models:

A
  • makes you feel better during times of stress
  • reaching out to attachment figure
  • gives the child/person a sense of being worthy of love and care
28
Q

John Bowlby studied?

A

Ethological Theory of attachment

29
Q

Attachment takes months to develop in human and is done across species? True or False?

A

True

30
Q

Pre-attachment is when,

A

the child will cry due to need of care

31
Q

Attachment in the making is when,

A

attachment is being made, can take up to 6 weeks/6 months to 8 months for the primary care giver

32
Q

Clear-cut attachment is described between,

A

a Secured base and a Separation anxiety

33
Q

Secure base is when,

A

the child checks in with mom and continues actions

34
Q

Separation anxiety is when,

A

the child fears that the mother will not come back and cries

35
Q

Formation of the reciprocal relationship b/w child and mother is when,

A

the child has high autonomy and can be comfortable when a stranger is present, occurs 18 months

36
Q

Harlows Studies

A

Monkey studies focusing on wire and terrycloth materials comforting the baby, what is more important, comfort or food? The baby monkey liked nurture but would run over to the food every now and then.

37
Q

Reactive attachment disorder

A

when a child cannot attach

38
Q

The strange situation was conducted by who?

A

Mary Ainsworth

39
Q

What was the strange situation?

A

Ainsworth watched mother’s and infants union and separation in Uganda, looked at the behavior of the child and paired attachment styles

40
Q

The four types of attachment

A

Secure, avoidant, resistant, and disorganized

41
Q

Secure attachment 60%

A

easily soothed by parent under stress

42
Q

Avoidant attachment 15%

A

may or may not distress but will avoid mom

43
Q

Resistant attachment 10%

A

baby gets upset and stranger soothes the baby ultimately

44
Q

Disorganized attachment 15%

A

(newest) these babies do not show any from of stress, play, or security and can be dazed, confused, or show odd behavior

45
Q

Caregiving and secure attachment

A

provide for child and attend to them

46
Q

Caregiving and insecure avoidant attachment

A

when the parents are basically too busy for the child

47
Q

Caregiving and insecure anxious attachment

A

when the parents are inconsistent or provide no levels of care

48
Q

Caregiving and disorganized attachment

A

severe psychopathology + use of drugs/alcohol are present

49
Q

A child is more at risk of a bad temperament if a child has poor attachment with caregivers? True or false

A

True

50
Q

Mothers are more like to be the primary caregivers? True or false?

A

True, then it goes father, siblings, grandparents, and professional care providers

51
Q

Fathers are considered to be the playmates? True or false

A

True

Psychology Human Growth & Development (14 decks)

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