Chapter 10 Middle Childhood Social Development Flashcards
Industry v. Inferiority (Erikson):
Industry v. Inferiority = development of competence or self esteem
Achievement = the child will have HIGH self esteem and competence known as industry,
No Achievement = the child will have LOW self esteem and competence which is inferiority.
Latency (Freud):
When the child starts to develop sexual energy that is REPRESSED, latent meaning hidden, or laid dormant. (Age 5/6-puberty)
Self conscious emotional development:
When a child feels, empathy, guilt, pride, feeling of being proud internally about something
Development of emotional understanding of?
Self and others;
The child will start to finally understand their feelings and others. (Empathy)
Cognitive development and social experience:
Understanding others, sympathizing with emotions of others within sad or upset situations
Understanding mixed emotions:
seeing how emotions articulate w/ multiple feelings , seeing where emotions come from.
Sometimes one emotion can come from multiple things, and they can start to see and understand this.
Increase in empathy:
They child will start to have an increase in morale and social behavior, meaning that they will know the difference between play time and “friend time”
Two types of coping strategies:
Problem Centered Coping + Emotion Centered Coping
Problem Centered Coping:
- situation is seen as changeable
- difficulty is identified
- situation is made on what to do
Problem Centered Coping is more common in?
Men
Emotion Centered Coping:
- used if problem centered coping does not work
- internal, private, and aimed at controlling distress when little can be done about the outcome.
Emotion Centered Coping is more common in?
Women
Can Problem and Emotion Centered Coping be completed at the same time?
Yes!!!! They both can be completed at the same time between men AND women. One portion of coping does not dictate male or female coping, it just is generalized based upon who does what more.
Peer groups are formed? How so?
Finding individuals just like you.
Same use of vocabulary, style, dress, and even relational aggression.
When looking at relational aggression, we should think about the Mean Girls. Mean Girls all harass and provide the SAME kind of relational aggression, thus attracting OTHER mean girls.
Friendships during Middle Childhood:
- Little bits of social support and comfort due to no abstract thought.
- Children during this time have similar interests.
- The friendships changes from Early Childhood; become homosocial. (Same friend for a while develop bonds)
- Loyalty becomes much stronger and friendships last longer.
Peer Acceptance and Sociometric Techniques:
High Social preference + Many friends = POPULAR
High Social impact + Many friends = CONTROVERSIAL
Low Social impact + Few friends = NEGLECTED
Low Social preference + Many friends = REJECTED
Sociometric Ratings and Correlates:
Popular:
Pro- Social + Anti-Social
Rejected/Unpopular:
Aggressive, Withdraw, + Different
Controversial Children
Neglected ChildrenPopular kids:
Pro-Social: nice/kind
Anti-Social: a lot of $$$, attractive, or athletic
Rejected/Unpopular:
Aggressive: No $$$ or not enough to fit in
Withdrawn: submissive and easy to bully, very passive
Different: disabled, racial difference, sexual orientation, and gender atypicality.
Controversial Children:
Funny ass kids, class clown, social engagement, kind of attractive.
Neglectful Children:
Low rates of social behavior and suicidal
What can affect the final outcome of sociometric ratings
Temperament!!!!
Is the child easy, difficult, slow to warm up, or different?
Bullies v. Victims
BULLIES: Mostly boys physically (boys) + relationally(girls) aggressive High status + power Bully-victims tend to be rejected
VICTIMS: Passive Give in Lack defenders Inhibitory temperament Physically frail Overprotected by parents
Wally is mean to a number of other children and does poorly in school. He is likely to be? A Popular Anti-social B Controversial C Rejective Aggressive D Rejected Withdrawn
C Rejective Aggressive
key here: is MEAN and does POORLY in school
Gender typing:
Affects MAJOR and SAT/ACT scores due to the idea of what men and what women should be…
Has become more flexible overtime as men are nurses and women are running for President.
Gender Identity:
BOYS:
strengthen identification with masculine traits
GIRLS:
most girls show less identification with feminine traits due to androgyny.
Girls are more androgynous than boys.
Family Structure and Child Development:
Conflict and resource availability produce the outcome of the child. (IDEALLY for a good child you would want low conflict and high resources in your family)
Difference in family structures:
Biological Parents: great outcomes
Gay and Lesbian Parents: great outcomes
Adopted Parents: great outcomes by complications at times
Adopted parents can be a catch 22 situation, many children have a hard time adapting to new living situation based upon their age and temperament style.
What factors related to families are most closely tied to child social-emotional outcomes?
A Level of conflict + Available resources
B Sexual orientation in parents
C Quality of schools
D If there are two parents at home
A level of conflict and available resources
Consequences of Divorce:
IMMEDIATE: conflict drop in income parental stress disorganization
LONG-TERM:
improved adjustment after 2 years
Father’s involvement affects adjustment, is here present or not? (son is affected more than the girls)
FACTORS AFFECTING ADJUSTMENT:
conflict and resources (Obviously)
stability
child characteristics (age, gender, girls internalize and boys act out, temperament, easy is the best)
Which chid would have a harder time adjusting to divorce? A infants B preschoolers C pre-teens D middle childhood
B preschoolers
Blended families:
MOTHER-STEPFATHER
- most frequent
- boys adjust quicker
- girls adapt less favorably
- older children + adolescents display more problems
FATHER- STEPMOTHER::
- children in fathers custody often react differently
- girls and stepmothers are very slow to get along at first. more positive reaction later
Boys and single marriages:
Heterosexual Boys react better in single father homes rather than in single mother homes
Which blended family is more likely to expereince sexual assault?
MOTHER-STEPFATHER due to the stepfather not having any genetic relation to the child
