CHAPTER 6 (Horney)

Question 1

Childhood experiences, especially early social and cultural conditions, significantly shape personality

Answer 1

Psychoanalytic Social Theory

Question 2

_________ is the repressed hostility towards parents, contributing to a sense of isolation and helplessness in a potentially hostile world.

Answer 2

Basic hostility

Question 3

Results from repressed hostility towards parents and manifests in various forms of fear and apprehension.

Answer 3

Basic Anxiety

Question 4

What are the four Protective Mechanisms against Anxiety?

Answer 4

1. Affection
2. Submission
3. Power
4. Withdrawal

Question 5

Seeking love through self-effacing compliance or material goods.

Answer 5

Affection

Question 6

Submitting to others or institutions in pursuit of affection.

Answer 6

Submission

Question 7

Using dominance, humiliation, or possession as defenses against hostility.

Answer 7

Power

Question 8

Becoming emotionally detached or independent from others to avoid hurt.

Answer 8

Withdrawal

Question 9

While everyone employs protective mechanisms against rejection, hostility, and competitiveness, _______ compulsively repeat the same strategies unproductively.

Answer 9

Neurotics

Question 10

It represents strategies to combat basic anxiety?

Answer 10

Neurotic Needs

Question 11

Neurotic Needs:
Seeking approval and avoiding conflict, often at the expense of self-assertion.

Answer 11

Need for Affection and Approval

Question 12

Neurotic Needs:
Lacking self-confidence, seeking attachment to a powerful figure to avoid loneliness.

Answer 12

Need for a Powerful Partner

Question 13

Neurotic Needs:
Striving to remain inconspicuous and avoid demanding too much from others.

Answer 13

Need to Restrict Life within Narrow Borders

Question 14

Neurotic Needs:
Desiring control over others to avoid feelings of weakness or inferiority.

Answer 14

Need for Power

Question 15

Neurotic Needs:
Evaluating others in terms of utility while fearing exploitation oneself.

Answer 15

Need to Exploit Others

Question 16

Neurotic Needs:
Seeking attention and importance to alleviate feelings of insignificance.

Answer 16

Need for Social Recognition

Question 17

Neurotic Needs:
Craving admiration for oneself rather than possessions.

Answer 17

Need for Personal Admiration

Question 18

Neurotic Needs:
Striving to be the best to confirm superiority over others.

Answer 18

Need for Ambition and Achievement

Question 19

Neurotic Needs:
Seeking independence to prove self-reliance and avoid dependence on others.

Answer 19

Need for Self-Sufficiency

Question 20

Neurotic Needs:
Pursuing perfection to validate self-esteem and superiority while hiding weaknesses.

Answer 20

Need for Perfection

Question 21

What are the three Neurotic Trends?

Answer 21

1. Moving Toward People
2. Moving Against People
3. Moving Away from People

Question 22

• Neurotics adopt this trend to protect against feelings of helplessness.
• Strategies include seeking affection, approval, and dependence on a powerful figure.

Answer 22

Moving Toward People

Question 23

• Neurotics assume hostility in others and respond aggressively for self-protection.
• Strategies involve seeking power, exploiting others, and striving for recognition.

Answer 23

Moving Against People

Question 24

• Neurotics adopt a detached stance to alleviate feelings of isolation.
• Strategies include seeking privacy, independence, and self-sufficiency to maintain emotional distance.

Answer 24

Moving Away from People

Question 25

In response to early negative influences and feelings of isolation, individuals construct an _________ —a glorified version of themselves.

Answer 25

Idealized Self-Image

Question 26

What are the three Aspects of the Idealized Image?

Answer 26

1. Neurotic Search for Glory
2. Neurotic Claims
3. Neurotic Pride

Question 27

This drive toward actualizing the ideal self encompasses the need for perfection, neurotic ambition, and a drive toward vindictive triumph.

Answer 27

Neurotic Search for Glory

Question 28

Neurotics construct a fantasy world where they are entitled to special treatment, rooted in their idealized self-view.

Answer 28

Neurotic Claims

Question 29

Neurotics proclaim their imagined greatness loudly, seeking validation and protection for their glorified self-view.

Answer 29

Neurotic Pride

Question 30

What are the Six significant manifestations of Self-Hatred?

Answer 30

1. Relentless Demands on the Self:
2. Merciless Self-Accusation:
3. Self-Contempt:
4. Self-Frustration:
5. Self-Torment:
6. Self-Destructive Actions and Impulses:

Question 31

Manifestations of Self-Hatred:
- Neurotics impose unyielding standards of perfection on themselves, persisting even after achieving success, driven by the belief that they should be flawless.

Answer 31

Relentless Demands on the Self

Question 32

Manifestations of Self-Hatred:
- Neurotics engage in constant self-criticism, viewing themselves as frauds and attributing exaggerated responsibility to themselves, ranging from minor faults to grandiose failures.

Answer 32

Merciless Self-Accusation

Question 33

Manifestations of Self-Hatred:
- Individuals belittle, disparage, and ridicule themselves, undermining their confidence and inhibiting their pursuit of improvement or achievement due to a deep-seated sense of unworthiness.

Answer 33

Self-Contempt

Question 34

Manifestations of Self-Hatred:
- Distinguished from healthy self-discipline, it involves sabotaging one’s own enjoyment and success, driven by self-hatred and a desire to uphold an inflated self-image.

Answer 34

Self-Frustration

Question 35

Manifestations of Self-Hatred:
- Individuals intentionally inflict harm or suffering on themselves, deriving masochistic satisfaction from agonizing over decisions, exaggerating physical pain, engaging in self-harm, or inviting abuse.

Answer 35

Self-Torment

Question 36

Manifestations of Self-Hatred:
- Manifested physically or psychologically, consciously or unconsciously, these actions range from overeating and substance abuse to reckless behavior and suicide attempts, reflecting a profound internal struggle and self-annihilation.

Answer 36

Self-Destructive Actions and Impulses

Question 37

• Horney emphasized that psychic differences between men and women are shaped by societal expectations.
• Men’s dominance and women’s envy or degradation result from neurotic competitiveness in society.

Answer 37

Feminine Psychology