CHAPTER 5 (Klein)

Question 1

It speculate on how early relations with mother or breast become models for later interpersonal relationships.

Answer 1

Object Relations Theory

Question 2

__________ include images of “good” and “bad,” such as good breast and bad breast.

Answer 2

Phantasies

Question 3

Humans have innate drives with corresponding _______

Answer 3

Objects

Question 4

Basic conflict between life instinct and death instinct; infants prefer gratifying sensations over frustrating ones.

Answer 4

Positions

Question 5

-Infants experience alternating gratification and frustration with good and bad breast
-Ego splits to tolerate contradictory feelings toward same object.

Answer 5

Paranoid-Schizoid Position

Question 6

-Infants view external objects as whole, recognize good and bad coexisting in same person.
-Ego matures to tolerate own destructive feelings, but fears loss of mother.

Answer 6

Depressive Position

Question 7

Infants fantasize taking into their body perceptions and experiences with external objects, primarily mother’s breast.

Answer 7

Introjection

Question 8

Fantasy that one’s own feelings and impulses reside in another person, not within oneself.

Answer 8

Projection

Question 9

Infants manage good and bad aspects of themselves and external objects by splitting them, keeping incompatible impulses apart.

Answer 9

Splitting

Question 10

Defense mechanism where infants split off unacceptable parts of themselves, project them into another object, and introject them back distorted.

Answer 10

Projective Identification

Question 11

Early _______ in young children produces terror rather than guilt, arising from fears of being devoured, cut up, and torn into pieces.

Answer 11

Superego

Question 12

________ early functions include sensing both destructive and loving forces and managing them through defense mechanisms.

Answer 12

Ego

Question 13

Klein highlights the significance of children’s fear of retaliation from their parent for their fantasies of emptying the parent’s body.

Answer 13

Oedipus complex

Question 14

Resolving the Oedipus complex involves establishing _____ ________ with both parents simultaneously and viewing them as whole objects.

Answer 14

Positive Relationships

Question 15

This theory highlights the process of psychological birth and the stages of separation-individuation during the first three years of life. The observations of child-mother interactions offer valuable insights into the development of individual identity and the potential consequences of early developmental errors.

Answer 15

Margaret Mahler’s Developmental Theory

Question 16

This theory focuses on the development of the self from narcissistic needs to a mature, realistic identity.

Answer 16

Heinz Kohut’s self psychology

Question 17

This theory emphasizes the importance of early bonding relationships between infants and caregivers.

Answer 17

John Bowlby’s Attachment Theory

Question 18

Mary Ainsworth, influenced by John Bowlby’s attachment theory, developed the ______ ______ procedure to measure the attachment styles between caregivers and infants.

Answer 18

Strange Situation