Chapter 6 - Groups and Teamwork

Question 1

What is a GROUP?

How is it different from a TEAM?

Answer 1

GROUP - Two or more people with a common relationship.

A “TEAM” requires a SMALL number of people with COMPLEMENTARY SKILLS COMMITTED to a COMMOM PURPOSE.

Question 2

What are the QUALITIES of a TEAM? (5)

Answer 2

Team members share LEADERSHIP
Members share ACCOUNTABILITY
A team develops it’s own PURPOSE or MISSION
Teams work on PROBLEM SOLVING continuously
Team effectiveness is the outcome for the TEAM and not the INDIVIDUAL outcomes and goals.

Question 3

What are the 4 TYPES of TEAMS?

Answer 3

1. PROBLEM-SOLVING
2. SELF-MANAGED (DIRECTED)
3. CROSS-FUNCTIONAL (PROJECT) teams
4. VIRTUAL teams

Question 4

What is a PROBLEM-SOLVING team?

Answer 4

A team of 5-12 employees from the SAME department who MEET EACH WEEK to discuss PLANS

Question 5

What is a SELF-MANAGED team?

Answer 5

A team of 10-15 employees who take on RESPONSIBILITY for their former MANAGERS.

Question 6

What is a CROSS-FUNCTIONAL team?

A TASK FORCE and COMMITTEES?

Answer 6

A group of employees at the SAME HIERARCHAL LEVEL, from DIFFERENT WORK AREAS who COME TOGETHER to accomplish a goal.
TASK FORCE is a TEMPORARY CROSS-FUNCTIONAL team.
COMMITTEE is a GROUP composed of members from DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS

Question 7

What are SKUNKWORKS?

Answer 7

SKUNKWORKS are CROSS-FUNCTIONAL teams that develop SPONTANEOUSLY. These teams are generally found in the HIGH-TEC sector and are SHELTERED from other organizations.

Question 8

What is a VIRTUAL-TEAM?

Answer 8

A VIRTUAL-TEAM uses TECHNOLOGY to network physically DISPERSED members.

Question 9

What is a ROLE?

Answer 9

A ROLE is a set of EXPECTED BEHAVIOURS of a person in a certain SOCIAL UNIT.

Question 10

What is a ROLE-EXPECTATION?

Answer 10

how OTHERS believe a person should ACT in a given SITUATION.

Question 11

What is ROLE-CONFLICT?

Answer 11

A SITUATION where an INDIVIDUAL has 2 role requirements that CONFLICT with eachother

Question 12

What is ROLE-AMBIGUITY?

Answer 12

A person is UNCLEAR about their ROLE.

Question 13

What is ROLE-OVERLOAD?

Answer 13

ROLE-OVERLOAD is when TOO MUCH is EXPECTED of someone.

Question 14

What is ROLE-UNDERLOAD?

Answer 14

When too LITTLE is EXPECTED of someone and they feel LEFT OUT.

Question 15

What are NORMS?

What are it’s FEATURES?

Answer 15

NORMS are acceptable STANDARDS of BEHAVIOUR within a GROUP that are SHARED by it’s members.

Norms cover PERFORMANCE, APPEARANCE, SOCIAL ARRANGEMENT and ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES.

Question 16

What is CONFORMITY?

Answer 16

ADJUSTING one’s BEHAVIOUR to ALIGN with the norms of the GROUP

Question 17

What is the 5 STAGE MODEL?

Answer 17

Stage 1: FORMING - A lot of UNCERTAINTY about aspects of the team.
Stage 2: STORMING - INTRAGROUP CONFLICT. Members resist the CONSTRAINTS that the team imposes on INDIVIDUALITY.
Stage 3: NORMING - Where the team SOLIDIFIES. COHESIVENESS
Stage 4: PERFORMING - The group is now FULLY-FUNCTIONAL
Stage 5: ADJOURNING - ATTENTION is FOCUSED on wrapping up activities instead of task performance.

Question 18

What are the 4 COMPONENTS of good TEAM EFFECTIVENESS?

Answer 18

1. CONTEXT - Adequate resources and Leadership and structure)
2. COMPOSITION (how the team should be staffed [SKILLS, PERSONALITY, ROLES, DIVERSITY, SIZE]
3. WORK DESIGN (task identity)
4. PROCESS (common purpose)

Question 19

What are MULTI-TEAM SYSTEMS?

Answer 19

things where DIFFERENT TEAMS coordinate.