Chapter 6 - Groups and Teamwork Flashcards
What is a GROUP?
How is it different from a TEAM?
GROUP - Two or more people with a common relationship.
A “TEAM” requires a SMALL number of people with COMPLEMENTARY SKILLS COMMITTED to a COMMOM PURPOSE.
What are the QUALITIES of a TEAM? (5)
Team members share LEADERSHIP
Members share ACCOUNTABILITY
A team develops it’s own PURPOSE or MISSION
Teams work on PROBLEM SOLVING continuously
Team effectiveness is the outcome for the TEAM and not the INDIVIDUAL outcomes and goals.
What are the 4 TYPES of TEAMS?
- PROBLEM-SOLVING
- SELF-MANAGED (DIRECTED)
- CROSS-FUNCTIONAL (PROJECT) teams
- VIRTUAL teams
What is a PROBLEM-SOLVING team?
A team of 5-12 employees from the SAME department who MEET EACH WEEK to discuss PLANS
What is a SELF-MANAGED team?
A team of 10-15 employees who take on RESPONSIBILITY for their former MANAGERS.
What is a CROSS-FUNCTIONAL team?
A TASK FORCE and COMMITTEES?
A group of employees at the SAME HIERARCHAL LEVEL, from DIFFERENT WORK AREAS who COME TOGETHER to accomplish a goal.
TASK FORCE is a TEMPORARY CROSS-FUNCTIONAL team.
COMMITTEE is a GROUP composed of members from DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS
What are SKUNKWORKS?
SKUNKWORKS are CROSS-FUNCTIONAL teams that develop SPONTANEOUSLY. These teams are generally found in the HIGH-TEC sector and are SHELTERED from other organizations.
What is a VIRTUAL-TEAM?
A VIRTUAL-TEAM uses TECHNOLOGY to network physically DISPERSED members.
What is a ROLE?
A ROLE is a set of EXPECTED BEHAVIOURS of a person in a certain SOCIAL UNIT.
What is a ROLE-EXPECTATION?
how OTHERS believe a person should ACT in a given SITUATION.
What is ROLE-CONFLICT?
A SITUATION where an INDIVIDUAL has 2 role requirements that CONFLICT with eachother
What is ROLE-AMBIGUITY?
A person is UNCLEAR about their ROLE.
What is ROLE-OVERLOAD?
ROLE-OVERLOAD is when TOO MUCH is EXPECTED of someone.
What is ROLE-UNDERLOAD?
When too LITTLE is EXPECTED of someone and they feel LEFT OUT.
What are NORMS?
What are it’s FEATURES?
NORMS are acceptable STANDARDS of BEHAVIOUR within a GROUP that are SHARED by it’s members.
Norms cover PERFORMANCE, APPEARANCE, SOCIAL ARRANGEMENT and ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES.
What is CONFORMITY?
ADJUSTING one’s BEHAVIOUR to ALIGN with the norms of the GROUP
What is the 5 STAGE MODEL?
Stage 1: FORMING - A lot of UNCERTAINTY about aspects of the team.
Stage 2: STORMING - INTRAGROUP CONFLICT. Members resist the CONSTRAINTS that the team imposes on INDIVIDUALITY.
Stage 3: NORMING - Where the team SOLIDIFIES. COHESIVENESS
Stage 4: PERFORMING - The group is now FULLY-FUNCTIONAL
Stage 5: ADJOURNING - ATTENTION is FOCUSED on wrapping up activities instead of task performance.
What are the 4 COMPONENTS of good TEAM EFFECTIVENESS?
- CONTEXT - Adequate resources and Leadership and structure)
- COMPOSITION (how the team should be staffed [SKILLS, PERSONALITY, ROLES, DIVERSITY, SIZE]
- WORK DESIGN (task identity)
- PROCESS (common purpose)
What are MULTI-TEAM SYSTEMS?
things where DIFFERENT TEAMS coordinate.
