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Kinesiology > Chapter 6: Elbow and Forearm > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Elbow and Forearm Flashcards

Elbow and Forearm

1
Q

What joint is the associated with the elbow?

A

Hinge joint

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2
Q

The humeroulnar joint is what type of joint?

A

Hinge joint

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3
Q

The humeroradial joint is what type of joint?

A

modified

flexion, extension, and rotation

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4
Q

Which articulation of the elbow is primarily responsible for elbow flexion and extension?

humeroulnar joint
humeroradial joint
proximal radioulnar joint
radoiocarpal joint

A

humeroulnar joint

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5
Q

Which of the following ADLs would be significantly limited by loss of elbow flexion in the dominant upper extremity?

hygiene
lower body dressing
self-feeding
both hygiene and self-feeding

A

both hygiene and self-feeding

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6
Q

You are working with a patient with stiffness of the forearm that significantly limits their active forearm supination. Which of the following motions would compensate for this specific loss of forearm motion?

  • shoulder abduction and internal rotation
  • shoulder adduction and external rotation
  • shoulder and elbow flexion
  • contralateral trunk flexion and shoulder internal rotation.
A

shoulder adduction and external rotation

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7
Q

Which of the following structures provides the most medial stability to the elbow?

ulnar collateral ligament
annular ligament
radial collateral ligament
oblique cord

A

ulnar collateral ligament

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8
Q

Which of the following would be most difficult for an individual who has a significant deficit in pronation of both forearms?

  • lifting and carrying a large box
  • self-feeding
  • washing their hair
  • typing on a standard keyboard
A

typing on a standard keyboard

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9
Q

Laxity of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) of the elbow may contribute to which of the following?

  • cubitus valgus
  • cubitus vagus
  • elbow flexion contracture
  • median nerve compression
A

cubitus valgus

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10
Q

Prolonged repetitive elbow flexion may contribute to tension and compression on the ulnar nerve at which elbow landmark?

  • radial head
  • olecranon
  • cubital tunnel
  • antecubical fossa
A

cubital tunnel

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11
Q

A fall on outstretched hands (FOOSH) with the elbow extended would most likely cause which of the following at the elbow?

anterior dislocation
olecranon fracture
posterior dislocation
radial head fracture

A

posterior dislocation

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12
Q

For which of the following would be biceps brachii muscle be most active?

  • unscrewing a light bulb overhead with your left hand
  • using a screwdriver to tighten a screw with your right hand, with the arm at the side.
  • Using a screwdriver to tighten a screw with your left hand, with arm at the side.

Unscrewing a light bulb overhead with your right hand.

A

using a screwdriver to tighten a screw with your right hand, with the arm at the side.

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13
Q

The humeroulnar joint is best described as what type of articulation?

  • uniaxial pivot
  • uniaxial hinge
  • triaxial ball-and-socket
  • biaxial pivot
A

uniaxial

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14
Q

Acquired Amputation is defined…

A

The surgical amputation of a limb.

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15
Q

Bony Congruity is defined…

A

The degree of conformity of bone surfaces at a joint.

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16
Q

Carrying Angle is defined…

A

The natural valgus angulation of the elbows that allows the arms to swing wide of the hips.

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17
Q

Cubital Tunnel Syndrome is defined…

A

A condition of chronic compression or tension on the ulnar nerve within the cubital tunnel of the elbow.

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18
Q

Cubitus Valgus is defined…

A

Angulation of the elbow positioning the forearm farther (laterally) from the body than normal.

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19
Q

Cubitus Varus is defined…

A

Angulation of the elbow positioning the forearm closer to the body (medially) than normal.

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20
Q

Cumulative Trauma Disorder (CTD) is defined…

A

A musculoskeletal pathology that involves repetitive trauma to soft tissues leading to painful inflammation and fatigue.

21
Q

Flexion Contracture is defined…

A

A type of joint contracture in which the joint is positioned in some degrees of flexion due to restrictions of surrounding soft tissues and the passive and active extension of the joint are limited.

22
Q

Lateral epicondylosis is defined…

A

Degenerative tendinopathy involving the extensor muscles of the wrist and hand.

23
Q

Medial epicondylosis is defined…

A

Degenerative tendinopathy involving the flexor muscles of the wrist and hand.

24
Q

Pronator teres syndrome is defined…

A

A condition in which the median nerve is compressed between the two heads of the pronator teres as it enters into the forearm.

25
Q

Upper limb amputation is defined…

A

The loss of a portion of or the entire upper extremity due to disease process, trauma, or surgical procedure.

26
Q

What are the bony landmarks of the humerus?

A

Trochlea
Capitellum
Medial epicondyle
Lateral epicondyle
Medial and lateral supracondylar ridges

27
Q

Which muscle originates on the humeral medial epicondyle and proximal ulna and spans the elbow anteriorly to attach on the lateral surface of the radius near its midpoint?

Supinator

Pronator teres

Anconeus

Brachialis

A

pronator teres

28
Q

Which muscle originates on the humeral lateral condyle and inserts on the radial styloid process?
Group of answer choices

Brachioradialis

Flexor carpi radialis

Pronator teres

Pronator quadratus

A

Brachioradialis

29
Q

Which muscle originates on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and inserts on the anterior surface of the proximal radius?
Group of answer choices

Anconeus

Pronator teres

Pronator quadratus

Supinator

A

Supinator

30
Q

Which muscle originates on the distal half of the humerus (anterior surface) and inserts on the coronoid process and the ulnar tuberosity of the ulna?
Group of answer choices

Coracobrachialis

Short head of biceps brachii

Brachialis

Supinator

A

Brachialis

31
Q

Which of the following groups are the prime movers in elbow flexion?
Group of answer choices

Biceps, supinator, and brachialis

Brachialis, brachioradialis, and anconeus

Biceps, pronator teres, and supinator

Brachialis, biceps, and brachioradialis

A

Brachialis, biceps, and brachioradialis

32
Q

The triceps is responsible for which of the following actions?
Group of answer choices

Elbow flexion and forearm supination

Forearm supination

Elbow extension

Elbow extension and wrist radial deviation

A

Elbow extension

33
Q

The muscles that would act on the forearm to neutralize forearm supination would be which of the following muscles?
Group of answer choices

Triceps and pronator teres

Pronator teres and pronator quadratus

Brachialis and brachioradialis

Triceps and anconeus

A

Pronator teres and pronator quadratus

34
Q

The elbow flexor that is most effective (strongest) with the forearm in the neutral position is which of the following muscles?
Group of answer choices

Biceps brachii

Brachioradialis

Brachialis

Coracobrachialis

A

Brachioradialis

35
Q

Which ligament spans the elbow longitudinally (long ways) on the little finger side of the elbow?
Group of answer choices

Lateral collateral ligament

Annular ligament

Medial collateral ligament

Proximal radioulnar ligament

A

Medial collateral ligament

36
Q

The bony landmark of the ulna, which forms the prominent posterior point of the elbow, is which of the following?
Group of answer choices

Olecranon fossa

Olecranon process

Coronoid process

Radial head

A

Olecranon process

37
Q

The broad, flat membrane located longitudinally between the radius and the ulna is called the
Group of answer choices

thoracolumbar fascia.

joint capsule.

interosseous membrane.

annular ligament

A

interosseous membrane.

38
Q

The bony landmark located at the posterior lateral side of the radius at the distal end is called the
Group of answer choices

olecranon process.

radial tuberosity.

radial head.

Styloid process.

A

Styloid process.

39
Q

Weakness of the pronator teres muscle could indicate trauma to which of the following nerves?
Group of answer choices

Musculocutaneous nerve

Median nerve

Ulnar nerve

Radial nerve

A

Median nerve

40
Q

Weakness of the biceps brachii muscle could indicate trauma to which of the following nerves?
Group of answer choices

Musculocutaneous nerve

Median nerve

Ulnar nerve

Radial nerve

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

41
Q

Weakness of the triceps brachii muscle could indicate trauma to which of the following nerves?
Group of answer choices

Musculocutaneous nerve

Median nerve

Ulnar nerve

Radial nerve

A

Radial nerve

42
Q

The carrying angle at the elbow exists because of which of the following phenomena at the distal end of the humerus?
Group of answer choices

The lateral structures extend farther distally than the medial structures.

The medial structures extend farther distally than the lateral structures.

The anterior structures extend farther distally than the posterior structures.

The posterior structures extend farther distally than the anterior structures.

A

The medial structures extend farther distally than the lateral structures.

43
Q

Elbow extension occurs in which plane and through which axis?
Group of answer choices

Transverse plane through a vertical axis

Frontal plane through a sagittal axis

Sagittal plane through a frontal axis

Transverse plane through a transverse axis

A

Sagittal plane through a frontal axis

44
Q

Measured from the position of the forearm in neutral or midposition, which of the following is true regarding normal ROM for pronation and supination?
Group of answer choices

There is more supination than pronation.

There is more pronation than supination.

There are equal amounts of available pronation and supination.

It depends on how much elbow extension the arm is placed in to measure the motion.

A

There is more supination than pronation.

45
Q

The position of the elbow and shoulder that could potentially make the biceps brachii muscle actively insufficient would be which of the following?
Group of answer choices

Shoulder extension and elbow flexion

Shoulder flexion and elbow extension

Shoulder flexion and elbow flexion

Shoulder extension and elbow extension

A

Shoulder flexion and elbow flexion

46
Q

When you have a patient do a “chair push-up” to strengthen the elbow triceps, what type of kinetic chain activity is this?
Group of answer choices

Open chain

Closed chain

This exercise has elements of both closed and open chains.

Neither

A

Closed chain

47
Q

A common elbow pathology often caused by repetitive wrist extension activities is which of the following?
Group of answer choices

Medial epicondylitis

Lateral epicondylitis

Tendonitis of biceps tendon

Volkmann’s ischemic contracture

A

lateral epicondylitis

48
Q

Your patient has point tenderness at the common flexor origin at the elbow. Given this symptom, which diagnosis is likely?
Group of answer choices

Medial epicondylitis

Lateral epicondylitis

Tendonitis of biceps tendon

Volkmann’s ischemic contracture

A

Medial epicondylitis

Kinesiology (19 decks)

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