Chapter 2: Essential Nervous System Flashcards
What is the term for the area of skin innervated primarily by a single spinal nerve root?
dermatome
What term describes the ability to sense the position of the joints and body in space?
proprioception
Reaching deep into a coat pocket to retrieve a small key, among other objects, without the aide of vision requires which of the following types of functional sensations?
-proprioceptionm
- stereognosis
- somatosensation
- touch localization
stereognosis
Which of the following ADL tasks would be most difficult with sensory loss of the median nerve? (Think about the median nerve’s sensory contribution to the hand and finger.)
- buttoning the top button of a shirt
- putting on a pair of pants
- buckling a belt
- washing your hands
buttoning the top button of a shirt
The autonomic nervous system is responsible for all of the following except:
- regulation of metabolism
- coordinating motor mvmts of the body
- increasing or decreasing cardiovascular
- initiating a fight-or-flight response
coordinating motor mvmts of the body
What structure describes interconnected nerve pathways that supply sensorimotor innervation to the upper extremity?
- lumbar plexus
- brachial plexus
- sacral plexus
- cervical plexus
brachial plexus
All but which of the following are part of the central nervous system (CNS)?
- spinal nerves
- brain
- spinal cord
- brainstem
spinal nerves
A radial nerve impairment may result in which of the following?
- loss of active finger flexion
- loss of active wrist and finger extension
- intrinsic hand muscle weakness
- loss of thumb adduction
loss of active wrist and finger extension
Which of the following terms refers to a bundle of axons transmitting a similar type of information within the spinal cord?
- peripheral nerve
- cranial nerve
- dorsal root ganglia
- tract
tract
Which of the following statements regarding cranial nerves are not true?
- They emerge from the brainstem
- They innervate structured only within the head
- They are located in the CNS but function similar to peripheral nerves
- They are arranged in 12 pairs
They innervate structured only within the head
In the context of the nervous system, conducting sensory information twd the CNS is defined as …
afferent
The part of the nervous system that directs and regulates primarily subconscious involuntary processes is defined as …
Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
The portion of the neuron that transport information away from the cell body to other neurons is defined as …
axon
A peripheral nerve injury in which the axon remains continuous while surrounding the epineurium, perineurium, and endoneurium are damaged is defined as …
axonotmesis
An interconnected network of nerves from which primary nerves emanate to innervate the upper extremity is define as …
brachial plexus
Define Central Nervous System (CNS)
The brain and spinal cord, which process and control the activity of the entire nervous system.
An interconnected network of nerves that innervate structures primarily of the head and neck is defined as …
Cervical Plexus
The nerves that arise from the brainstem and innervates structures within the head and neck, glands, and some viscera is defined as …
cranial nerves
Define dendrite
the portion of the neuron that receives information and conducts it twds the cell body
The area of the skin supplied by nerve fibers that arise from an individual spinal nerve root is defined as …
dermatome
The portion of the spinal nerve that connects directly to the spinal cord via nerve rootlets and transmits sensory information is defined as ….
dorsal nerve root
In the context of the nervous system, conducting motor signal information away from the CNS to the tissues of the body is defined as …
efferent
Equilibrium within the systems of the body is defined as
homeostasis
An interconnected network of nerved from which primary nerves emanate to innervate muscles of the pelvis and thigh is defined as …
lumbar plexus
The part of the brain that send motor commands defined as …
motor cortex
A peripheral nerve that transmit efferent motor signals is defined as …
motor nerve
The part of the brain that plans purposeful movements is defined as
motor planning area
The tendency for motor commands and coordinated muscle actions for repeated activities to become seemingly subconscious and automatic is defined as …
muscle memory
Define neuron
a nerve cell
A peripheral nerve injury that disrupts the continuity of the entire nerve is defined as ….
neurotmesis
The portion of the ANS responsible primarily for processes that conserve energy (rest and digest) is defined as …
parasympathetic nervous system
An injury to a specific nerves or nerves within the PNS is defined as …
peripheral nerve injury
Define PNS
The nerves in the body including cranial nerves
The perception of the position and mvmt of the joints and body in space is defined as …
proprioception
An interconnected network of nerves from which primary nerves emanate to innervate the lower extremity is defined as …
sacral plexus
A feedback loop of sensory and motor systems that guides purposeful mvmt and function is defined as …
sensorimotor system
The part of the brain that receives sensory information is defined as …
sensory cortex
The peripheral nerves that transmit afferent sensory information is defined as …
sensory nerve
Define somatosensation
All forms of sensation from the skin, limbs, and joints
A nerve that originates in the spinal cord and connects peripheral nerves to the CNS is defined as …
spinal nerves
An axonal pathway in the spinal cord that transmits specific types of info to and fm the brain is defined as …
spinal tract
The ability to identify and object based on tactile sensation is defined as …
stereognosis
The portion of the ANS responsible primarily for processes that expend energy (fight or flight) is defined as …
Sympathetic Nervous System
A portion of the spinal nerve that connects directly to the spinal cord via nerve rootlets and trsnsmits motor info is defined as ….
Ventral Nerve Root
How many cranial nerves are there?
12
What is cranial nerve I
Olfactory Nerve
What is cranial nerve II
Optic
What is cranial nerve III
Oculomotor
What is cranial nerve IV
Trochoclear
What is cranial nerve V
Trigeminal
What is cranial nerve VI
Abducens
What is cranial nerve VII
Facial
What is cranial nerve VIII
Vestibulocochelear
What is cranial nerve VIIII
Glossopharyngeal
What is cranial nerve X
Vagus
What is cranial nerve XI
Spinal Accessory
What is cranial nerve XII
Hypoglossal
What nerve function include swallowing, fast, salivation
Glossopharyngeal
What nerve function include smell
Olfactory
What nerve function include vision
Optic
What nerve function include moving eye up, down, medially; raising eyelid, constricting pupil
Oculomotor
What nerve function include moving eye down and medially (superior oblique muscle)
Trochlear
What nerve function include mastication; sensation to face and TMJ
Trigeminal
What nerve function include abducting the eye
Abducens
What nerve function include hearing; vestibular sense
Vestibulocochlear
What nerve function include visceral regulation; speech
Vagus
What nerve function include scapular elevation; rotation of head
Spinal Accessory
What nerve function include mvmt of tongue
Hypoglossal
Olfactory: Sensory, Motor, or Both
Sensory
Optic: Sensory, Motor, or Both
Sensory
Oculomotor: Sensory, Motor, or Both
Motor
Trochlear: Sensory, Motor, or Both
Motor
Trigeminal: Sensory, Motor, or Both
Both
Abducent: Sensory, Motor, or Both
Motor
Facial: Sensory, Motor, or Both
Both
Vestibulocochlear: Sensory, Motor, or Both
Sensory
Glossopharyngeal: Sensory, Motor, or Both
Both
Vagus: Sensory, Motor, or Both
Both
Sensory Accessaory: Sensory, Motor, or Both
Motor
Hypoglossal
Motor
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31
What is the C1 also known as?
Atlas
How many spinal nerve plexus are there?
4
What are the names of the spinal nerve plexus
Cranial Plexus
Brachial Plexus
Lumbar Plexus
Sacral Plexus
How many spinal nerve groups are there?
5
What are the spinal nerve groups?
Cranial
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal
How many nerves are in the cranial group?
8
What are the primary terminal branches in the brachial plexus?
Roots
Trunks
Division
Cords
Branches
What are the primary terminal branches?
Axillary
Musculocutaneous
Median
Radial
Ulnar
True or False
Does the sacral plexus travel short distances?
True
What are the lobes of the brain?
Frontal
Temporal
Occipital
Parietal
