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Kinesiology > Chapter 2: Essential Nervous System > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Essential Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term for the area of skin innervated primarily by a single spinal nerve root?

A

dermatome

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2
Q

What term describes the ability to sense the position of the joints and body in space?

A

proprioception

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3
Q

Reaching deep into a coat pocket to retrieve a small key, among other objects, without the aide of vision requires which of the following types of functional sensations?

-proprioceptionm
- stereognosis
- somatosensation
- touch localization

A

stereognosis

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4
Q

Which of the following ADL tasks would be most difficult with sensory loss of the median nerve? (Think about the median nerve’s sensory contribution to the hand and finger.)

  • buttoning the top button of a shirt
  • putting on a pair of pants
  • buckling a belt
  • washing your hands
A

buttoning the top button of a shirt

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5
Q

The autonomic nervous system is responsible for all of the following except:

  • regulation of metabolism
  • coordinating motor mvmts of the body
  • increasing or decreasing cardiovascular
  • initiating a fight-or-flight response
A

coordinating motor mvmts of the body

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6
Q

What structure describes interconnected nerve pathways that supply sensorimotor innervation to the upper extremity?

  • lumbar plexus
  • brachial plexus
  • sacral plexus
  • cervical plexus
A

brachial plexus

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7
Q

All but which of the following are part of the central nervous system (CNS)?

  • spinal nerves
  • brain
  • spinal cord
  • brainstem
A

spinal nerves

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8
Q

A radial nerve impairment may result in which of the following?

  • loss of active finger flexion
  • loss of active wrist and finger extension
  • intrinsic hand muscle weakness
  • loss of thumb adduction
A

loss of active wrist and finger extension

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9
Q

Which of the following terms refers to a bundle of axons transmitting a similar type of information within the spinal cord?

  • peripheral nerve
  • cranial nerve
  • dorsal root ganglia
  • tract
A

tract

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10
Q

Which of the following statements regarding cranial nerves are not true?

  • They emerge from the brainstem
  • They innervate structured only within the head
  • They are located in the CNS but function similar to peripheral nerves
  • They are arranged in 12 pairs
A

They innervate structured only within the head

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11
Q

In the context of the nervous system, conducting sensory information twd the CNS is defined as …

A

afferent

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12
Q

The part of the nervous system that directs and regulates primarily subconscious involuntary processes is defined as …

A

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

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13
Q

The portion of the neuron that transport information away from the cell body to other neurons is defined as …

A

axon

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14
Q

A peripheral nerve injury in which the axon remains continuous while surrounding the epineurium, perineurium, and endoneurium are damaged is defined as …

A

axonotmesis

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15
Q

An interconnected network of nerves from which primary nerves emanate to innervate the upper extremity is define as …

A

brachial plexus

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16
Q

Define Central Nervous System (CNS)

A

The brain and spinal cord, which process and control the activity of the entire nervous system.

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17
Q

An interconnected network of nerves that innervate structures primarily of the head and neck is defined as …

A

Cervical Plexus

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18
Q

The nerves that arise from the brainstem and innervates structures within the head and neck, glands, and some viscera is defined as …

A

cranial nerves

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19
Q

Define dendrite

A

the portion of the neuron that receives information and conducts it twds the cell body

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20
Q

The area of the skin supplied by nerve fibers that arise from an individual spinal nerve root is defined as …

A

dermatome

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21
Q

The portion of the spinal nerve that connects directly to the spinal cord via nerve rootlets and transmits sensory information is defined as ….

A

dorsal nerve root

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22
Q

In the context of the nervous system, conducting motor signal information away from the CNS to the tissues of the body is defined as …

A

efferent

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23
Q

Equilibrium within the systems of the body is defined as

A

homeostasis

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24
Q

An interconnected network of nerved from which primary nerves emanate to innervate muscles of the pelvis and thigh is defined as …

A

lumbar plexus

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25
Q

The part of the brain that send motor commands defined as …

A

motor cortex

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26
Q

A peripheral nerve that transmit efferent motor signals is defined as …

A

motor nerve

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27
Q

The part of the brain that plans purposeful movements is defined as

A

motor planning area

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28
Q

The tendency for motor commands and coordinated muscle actions for repeated activities to become seemingly subconscious and automatic is defined as …

A

muscle memory

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29
Q

Define neuron

A

a nerve cell

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30
Q

A peripheral nerve injury that disrupts the continuity of the entire nerve is defined as ….

A

neurotmesis

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31
Q

The portion of the ANS responsible primarily for processes that conserve energy (rest and digest) is defined as …

A

parasympathetic nervous system

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32
Q

An injury to a specific nerves or nerves within the PNS is defined as …

A

peripheral nerve injury

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33
Q

Define PNS

A

The nerves in the body including cranial nerves

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34
Q

The perception of the position and mvmt of the joints and body in space is defined as …

A

proprioception

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35
Q

An interconnected network of nerves from which primary nerves emanate to innervate the lower extremity is defined as …

A

sacral plexus

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36
Q

A feedback loop of sensory and motor systems that guides purposeful mvmt and function is defined as …

A

sensorimotor system

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37
Q

The part of the brain that receives sensory information is defined as …

A

sensory cortex

38
Q

The peripheral nerves that transmit afferent sensory information is defined as …

A

sensory nerve

39
Q

Define somatosensation

A

All forms of sensation from the skin, limbs, and joints

40
Q

A nerve that originates in the spinal cord and connects peripheral nerves to the CNS is defined as …

A

spinal nerves

41
Q

An axonal pathway in the spinal cord that transmits specific types of info to and fm the brain is defined as …

A

spinal tract

42
Q

The ability to identify and object based on tactile sensation is defined as …

A

stereognosis

43
Q

The portion of the ANS responsible primarily for processes that expend energy (fight or flight) is defined as …

A

Sympathetic Nervous System

44
Q

A portion of the spinal nerve that connects directly to the spinal cord via nerve rootlets and trsnsmits motor info is defined as ….

A

Ventral Nerve Root

45
Q

How many cranial nerves are there?

A

12

46
Q

What is cranial nerve I

A

Olfactory Nerve

47
Q

What is cranial nerve II

A

Optic

48
Q

What is cranial nerve III

A

Oculomotor

49
Q

What is cranial nerve IV

A

Trochoclear

50
Q

What is cranial nerve V

A

Trigeminal

51
Q

What is cranial nerve VI

A

Abducens

52
Q

What is cranial nerve VII

A

Facial

53
Q

What is cranial nerve VIII

A

Vestibulocochelear

54
Q

What is cranial nerve VIIII

A

Glossopharyngeal

55
Q

What is cranial nerve X

A

Vagus

56
Q

What is cranial nerve XI

A

Spinal Accessory

57
Q

What is cranial nerve XII

A

Hypoglossal

58
Q

What nerve function include swallowing, fast, salivation

A

Glossopharyngeal

59
Q

What nerve function include smell

A

Olfactory

60
Q

What nerve function include vision

A

Optic

61
Q

What nerve function include moving eye up, down, medially; raising eyelid, constricting pupil

A

Oculomotor

62
Q

What nerve function include moving eye down and medially (superior oblique muscle)

A

Trochlear

63
Q

What nerve function include mastication; sensation to face and TMJ

A

Trigeminal

64
Q

What nerve function include abducting the eye

A

Abducens

65
Q

What nerve function include hearing; vestibular sense

A

Vestibulocochlear

66
Q

What nerve function include visceral regulation; speech

A

Vagus

67
Q

What nerve function include scapular elevation; rotation of head

A

Spinal Accessory

68
Q

What nerve function include mvmt of tongue

A

Hypoglossal

69
Q

Olfactory: Sensory, Motor, or Both

A

Sensory

70
Q

Optic: Sensory, Motor, or Both

A

Sensory

71
Q

Oculomotor: Sensory, Motor, or Both

A

Motor

72
Q

Trochlear: Sensory, Motor, or Both

A

Motor

73
Q

Trigeminal: Sensory, Motor, or Both

A

Both

74
Q

Abducent: Sensory, Motor, or Both

A

Motor

75
Q

Facial: Sensory, Motor, or Both

A

Both

76
Q

Vestibulocochlear: Sensory, Motor, or Both

A

Sensory

77
Q

Glossopharyngeal: Sensory, Motor, or Both

A

Both

78
Q

Vagus: Sensory, Motor, or Both

A

Both

79
Q

Sensory Accessaory: Sensory, Motor, or Both

A

Motor

80
Q

Hypoglossal

A

Motor

81
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

A

31

82
Q

What is the C1 also known as?

A

Atlas

83
Q

How many spinal nerve plexus are there?

A

4

84
Q

What are the names of the spinal nerve plexus

A

Cranial Plexus
Brachial Plexus
Lumbar Plexus
Sacral Plexus

85
Q

How many spinal nerve groups are there?

A

5

86
Q

What are the spinal nerve groups?

A

Cranial
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal

87
Q

How many nerves are in the cranial group?

A

8

88
Q

What are the primary terminal branches in the brachial plexus?

A

Roots
Trunks
Division
Cords
Branches

89
Q

What are the primary terminal branches?

A

Axillary
Musculocutaneous
Median
Radial
Ulnar

90
Q

True or False

Does the sacral plexus travel short distances?

A

True

91
Q

What are the lobes of the brain?

A

Frontal
Temporal
Occipital
Parietal

Kinesiology (19 decks)

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