Chapter 6: CAM, Integrative Medicine and Health,and Early Pioneers Flashcards
According to the National health interview survey what were the order of most common used cam techniques
- nonvitamin, nonmineral dietary supplements that have stayed fairly consistent
2.Deep breathing used independently or as an adjunct to other approaches
3.Yoga, tai chi, and qigong
4.hiropractic and osteopathic manipulation
5.Meditation
What had no significant change and remained fairly low in all three time periods
Ayrurveda, biofeedback, guided imagery hypnosis and energy healing
True or false: More females and older students use CAM
true
Approximately __ million Americans spend __ billion out of pocket on CAM
59 million Americans
30.2 billion
True or False: We can assume that in the future there will be an increase in CAM use and costs
true
By Kaptchuk and Eisenberg: what are the four major elements of the persuasive appeal of CAM
- association of CAM with nature, a metaphor for many alternative medicines or therapies (organic, words like pure vs synthetic)
2.Vitalsim-the body’s capacity to heal itself, the enhancement of balancing of life forces, qi (chi) or psychic energy is a main theme and belief in the concept of vitalism
3.Science, more person-friendly science that embraces the concept of holism, sickness is viewed as a result of a weakened body that has fallen into an unbalanced condition , the person is treated not just the symptom or disease
4.spirituality-CAM offers a satisfying unification of the physical and spiritual because it bridges the gap between the domain of medical science and religion or spirituality and the patient is allowed to make connections with nature and the universe
Motives for using CAM
-patients using CAM may be essentially neurotic, therefore drawn to touching/taking approach of many therapies
-people who have a better understanding of the workings of the human body and attracted to CAM therapists because diagnosis and treatment involve them more in the process
True or false: It is clear that, in general, CAM does not replace conventional medicine. Rather, it serves as a substitute in some particular situations and as an adjunct in others. Some individuals simply will not use an alternative therapy when not considered appropriate for the condition in question.
False
Barriers to CAM
-expense
-lack of knowledge
-fear that alternative therapies are harmful
NCCIH definition of integrative medicine or integrative health care
“bringing conventional and complementary approaches together in a coordinated way
Dr. Weil definition of integrative medicine
Integrative medicine is healing-oriented medicine that takes account of the whole person (body, mind and spirit) including all aspects of lifestyle. It emphasizes the therapeutic relationship and makes use of all appropriate therapies, both conventional and alternative
True or False: The knowledge and use of CAM is an important aspect of integrative medicine and health that helps attain a more in-depth understanding of the nature of illness, and wellness
true
Integrative medicine Snyderman and Weil defeniton
a movement driven by consumers who sought alternative healing methods. Eventually, integrative medicine gained the attention of academic health centers.
What is the Academic consortium for integrative medicine and health
-made in may 2004 outcome of integrative medicine and alternative healthcare movement
-membership consists of 57 highly reputable academic centers and is supported by the membership dues and grants from partners such as the Bravewell Collaborative
Another outcome of the integrative medicine movement
national summit convened by the Bravewell Collaborative and the Institute of Medicine in February 2009 to explore integrative medicine’s potential to improve the U.S. healthcare system.1
Herbert Benson
-First he conducted research on monkeys that linked stress to physical health
-Dr. Benson and a colleague, Robert Wallace, researched the effects of Transcendental Meditation® (TM) on blood pressure. Benson and Wallace found that subjects who practiced TM, and who were able to change thought patterns, experienced decreases in their metabolism, rate of breathing, and heart rate, and had slower brain waves. They believed the technique was useful for treating conditions such as insomnia, anxiety, hypertension, and chronic pain. Dr. Benson studied other meditative techniques (e.g., diaphragmatic breathing, repetitive prayer, qigong, tai chi, yoga, progressive muscle relaxation, jogging, and even knitting) that he found also produced a relaxed state. He labeled it the “relaxation response,” which is the foundation of mind–body medicine.
David Eisenberg MD
here, he mastered Chinese and attended the Beijing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine while learning Eastern healing modalities (e.g., acupuncture, tai chi). In 1993, he was the medical advisor to the PBS series Healing and the Mind with Bill Moyers. Dr. Eisenberg became an MD specializing in internal medicine and joined the faculty at Harvard. He directed two large national U.S. surveys on the use of CAM therapies; wrote a text Encounters with Qi; and has published many scientific data-based research studies. Currently, Dr. Eisenberg is the director of Harvard Medical School’s Osher Research Center and is the program director of Integrative Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts
Bernard Siegel, MD
He spent much of his life teaching techniques to help cancer patients use their own body energy to help in the healing process, techniques such as meditation and positive imagery. He also believes in using humor as a healing technique. To further his belief in patients’ self-healing power, he founded ECaP (Exceptional Cancer Patients) a type of individual and group therapy support that uses drawings, dreams, positive imagery, and other holistic methods. Dr. Siegel has published several best-selling books promoting holistic healing methods, including Love, Medicine and Miracles; Peace, Love & Healing; and How to Live Between Office Visits