Chapter 6: Breastfeeding Flashcards by Mia Fletcher

What percent of infants are breastfed?

48%

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How much has breastfeeding increased for babies 6 months and under?

10%

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What is the WHO’s target for the percent of moms breastfeeding by 2025?

50%

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How many children could be saved by increasing breastfeeding rates?

820000 children

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How many people do not have full coverage of essential health services?

4.5 billion

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What does breastfeeding reduce in mothers?

Cancer and non-communicable diseases

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What is 2x increased when breastfeeding is protected and supported?

The likelihood of mother breastfeeding

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What can help mothers be more protected and supported breastfeeding?

Increasing investment in programs and policies
Workplace policies= maternity leave and good childcare
Breastfeeding counselling
Laws restricting breastmilk substitutes

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How is breastfeeding shown online?

Easy
White mom and baby
Only newborn babies
Sexualization of breasts

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Blank in four people don’t want to see breastfeeding on a magazine?

3 in 4

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T or F: Human milk is species specific

True

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What is breastmilk suited for?

Babies requirements for growth and development

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Breast milk is the ultimate what?

Superfood, as it can independently sustain life

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How is breastmilk adjusted for babies needs at birth?

Low protein due to underdeveloped kidneys
High in lactose for brain development

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Should moms still breastfeed when sick?

Yes as it can protect baby from bacteria and viruses mom comes in contact with

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What is colostrum?

“Baby’s fist vaccine” , “liquid gold”, occurs during early postpartum period

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When should feeding first be initiated with baby?

Within the first hour

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What is Estrogen and Progesterones role in pregnancy?

Prepare breasts to make milk, high during pregnancy and drops after birth thus triggering milk production, makes more ducts

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What is prolactins role in breastfeeding?

Increases after birth, initiates and maintains milk supply

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What is Oxytocin’s role in breastfeeding

Releases milk from the breasts, let down/ milk ejection reflux
Helps with uterine shrinking after birth so when mom breastfeeds she may cramp

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What is the breastfeeding recommended length?

Exclusive for first 6 months, intro to solid foods at 6 months with continued breastfeeding for 2+ years

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How many babies are exclusively breastfed for 6 months?

41%

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How many babies are not fed within first hour of life?

3 in 5

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Common reasons why mothers stop breastfeeding

Not enough milk
Difficulty with technique
25% stop before baby is 1 month

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What were breastfeeding rates in Canada in 1965 to now?

1965= >25% 2015/16= 90%

How many women in Canada continue breastfeeding after 6 months?

57%

Does Western or Eastern Canada have higher breastfeeding rates?

Western: 96% Eastern: 57%

What are the main causes of infant death?

Diarrhea and respiratory illness

What is the dose response relationships in breastfeeding?

Duration and exclusivity

T or F: Formula increases pain response

True

What percentage does breastfeeding reduce risk of SIDS

Decreases risk by 36% Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

What do Oxytocin and protein lactoferin have an effect?

Anti-inflammatory effect

Should moms breastfeed after circumcision and injections?

Yes as it has a pain relieving effect

What is “kangaroo care”

Immediately after brith until first feeding Makes babies more stable, bond better and improve heart function in premature babies

T or F: Breastmilk decreases childhood cancers

True

Breastfeeding and cognitive development

Increase in language reception and perform better on intelligence test

Does breastfeeding decrease risk of obesity?

Yes as it has ideal composition of fat and calories, not possible to overfeed infant Formula is possible to over feed

Degree of health outcomes depends on what?

Duration, frequency, and exclusivity of breastfeeding

What benefits do breastfeeding mothers have?

Reduced risk of: Breast and ovarian cancers Hypertension, hyperlipedma, metabolic syndrome Rheumatoid arthritis Postpartum depression Sleep disturbances

Is breastfeeding really free?

NO it costs time and energy

How much more info is there on erectile dysfunction than breastmilk?

How many articles are there on breastmilk?

10 000

Out of 10 women how many will have babies?

9/10

How many babies in the U.S. are born in a baby friendly hospital ?

1 in 5

What does mom produce in breast milk from babies saliva if the baby has staph or salmonella?

Hydrogen peroxide

T or F: Breastmilk fuels baby’s behaviour

True

What do formula moms need instead of shame?

Support!!

Is powdered formula sterile?

No Liquid is however it is much more expensive

What can get rid of pathogen contamination in formula?

Proper formula making Clean and sterile equipment

Why is Melamine banned?

It was added to disguise low protein and gave a milky appearance gave 300000 children in China kidney stones

Why is breast feeding important in difficult circumstances?

To help malnourished kids In places where water is scare (natural disasters)

What is the baby killer

Western countries promoting formula to countries not equipped for it

What does BFHI stand for?

Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative

What was the BFHI?

Promote, protect and support breastfeeding Launched by WHO and UNICEF in 1991

Infant feeding in the 1920s- 1960s

Canadian Dairy grew and public health promoted formula Cow milk increased mortality rates (increased efforts to improve formula)

What helped formula thrive in the 20’-60’s

Vitamin fortification

Breastfeeding in the 1970’s

Breastfeeding increased in Western regions Decreased in developing regions Led to growing concern of formula marketing in developing countries

What was held in 1979 by WHO and UNICEF?

International meeting concerning infant feeding

When was the International Code of Breastmilk substitutes developed?

1981 by WHO and UNICEF

What is the Innocenti declaration?

Developed in 1990 Promote and protect breastfeeding Second meeting in 2005

When was the revision of the BFHI document?

2006

What is the other name for the WHO CODE?

International code of marketing of breastmilk substitutes

What are some of the rules of the WHO CODE?

No advertising breastmilk substitutes No free samples for mothers No promotion of products in health service No pictures of infants idealizing products Info to healthcare workers should be scientific and factual

What is Premiumization?

the use of gold and black to make things “premium”

What is the BFHI called in Canada?

Baby Friendly Initiative

What is the BCC?

Breastfeeding Commitee for Canada

What makes a hospital baby friendly in Canada?

Follow WHO CODE and 10 steps outlined by UNICEF

What is the first step of successful breastfeeding: According to WHO code and UNICEF?

Hospital Policies - keep track of breastfeeding support - written infant feeding policy -follow WHO code

What is the second step of successful breastfeeding: According to WHO code and UNICEF?

Staff competency - staff that have efficient knowledge and skills to support breastfeeding

What is the third step of successful breastfeeding: According to WHO code and UNICEF?

Antenatal Care - discuss importance and management of breastfeeding with women and there families

What is the fourth step of successful breastfeeding: According to WHO code and UNICEF?

Care after birth - immediate skin to skin and breastfeeding after birth

What is the fifth step of successful breastfeeding: According to WHO code and UNICEF?

Support breastfeeding mothers -helps initiate and maintain breastfeeding and manage difficulties

What is the sixth step of successful breastfeeding: According to WHO code and UNICEF?

Supplementing -support mothers to breastfeed exclusively unless supplements are medically needed

What is the seventh step of successful breastfeeding: According to WHO code and UNICEF?

Rooming in -enables mothers and infants to remain together 24/7

What is the eighth step of successful breastfeeding: According to WHO code and UNICEF?

Responsive feeding - encourage mom to realize and respond to feeding cues

What is the ninth step of successful breastfeeding: According to WHO code and UNICEF?

Bottlers and pacifiers - counsel mothers on use and risks of feeding bottles, teats and pacifiers

What is the tenth step of successful breastfeeding: According to WHO code and UNICEF?

Discharge -coordinate discharge so mom and infant have timely access to ongoing support and care

Is breastfeeding easy in the NICU?

NO!! It is very hard and complex

How many breast pumps were there for per beds?

1 pump per 8 beds

What is male role in breastfeeding?

Supporting mom Caring for baby Cleaning equipment Feeding baby via bottle Housework