Chapter 13: Drugs

Question 1

What is addictive behaviour?

Answer 1

Habits that have gotten out of control, resulting on a negative impact on a persons health
Chronic disorder

Question 2

5 characteristics of additive behaviour

Answer 2

Reinforcement
Compulsion or craving
Loss of control
Escalation
Negative consequences

Question 3

Why do addicting behaviours start?

Answer 3

They bring pleasure or relieve pain

Question 4

What is Tolerance?

Answer 4

Physical changes in the brains reward pathways in the brain

Question 5

Which risk factors work together and can cause addiction?

Answer 5

Physical factors
Psychological factors
Social factors

Question 6

What are the shared feelings of addiction?

Answer 6

Craving
Loss of control
Withdrawl
Tolerance
Repeating pattern recovery and relapse

Question 7

T or F: problematic internet use is interchangeable with internet addiction

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Potential characteristics of addictive behaviour?

Answer 8

Excessive and compulsive use
Withdrawl
Tolerance
Adverse consequences

Question 9

What is a Substance use disorder?

Answer 9

Complex, chronic and treatable medical condition that involve change in our brain

Question 10

How many symptoms are there in a mild substance use disorder?

Answer 10

2-3 symptoms

Question 11

How many symptoms are there in a Moderate substance abuse disorder?

Answer 11

4-5

Question 12

How many symptoms are present with a severe substance abuse disorder?

Answer 12

6+ symptoms

Question 13

DSM -5 Criteria of Impaired control

Answer 13

1. Taking substances in larger amounts than intended over a longer period of time
2. Expressing persistent desire to cut down use, but being unable
3. Spending a great deal of time trying to get the substance
4. Craving or experiencing an intense desire

Question 14

DSM-5 Criteria of social problems

Answer 14

5. Failing to fulfill major obligations at work, school or home
6. Continuing use despite social and interpersonal problems
7. Giving up or reducing other social activities for it

Question 15

DSM-5 Criteria of Risky Use

Answer 15

8. Using substance in situations where it is hazardous
9. Continuing use despite knowledge of worsening health problems

Question 16

DSM- 5 Criteria of Drug Effects

Answer 16

10. Developing tolerance
11. Experiencing Withdrawl

Question 17

Is relapse a sign of weakness?

Answer 17

No it is just a response to stress

Question 18

What are psychoactive drugs?

Answer 18

Alter a persons experiences or consciousness
Cause intoxication

Question 19

What kind of drugs are associated most with addiction?

Answer 19

Psychoactive

Question 20

What people are at higher risk of developing addiction?

Answer 20

Male
Troubled adolescents
Lower socioeconomic status
Disinterested in school
Frequent drug exposure

Question 21

T or F: Independent thinkers are more likely to do drugs

Answer 21

False

Question 22

What do psychoactive drugs act on in brain chemistry?

Answer 22

Neurotransmitters
Increase or decrease

Question 23

What are the 5 factors that drugs effect is influenced by?

Answer 23

Pharmacological properties
Dose- response function
Time- action function (how long to kick in)
Persons drug use history
Methods of use

Question 24

What happens when drugs increase the release of neurotransmitters?

Answer 24

Tolerance develops
Anhedonia is experienced (reduction to feel pleasure)

Question 25

Because dopamine is released drugs are how much more rewarding?

Answer 25

5-10x

Question 26

T or F: the brain can recover if you stay clean for years

Answer 26

True!!

Question 27

What is a core feature of addiction?

Answer 27

Denial Self deception

Question 28

What are the 6 types of psychoactive drugs?

Answer 28

Opioids Central nervous system depressants Central nervous system stimulants Marijuana and Cannabis Hallucinogens Inhalants

Question 29

Examples of nervous system depressants

Answer 29

Sedative hypnotics Benzodiazapenes

Question 30

Examples of central nervous system stimulants?

Answer 30

Cocaine, caffeine

Question 31

Examples of a hallucinogen

Answer 31

LSD, ketamine

Question 32

Examples of inhalants

Answer 32

Aerosols, solvents, gas

Question 33

How many people did the opioid crisis claim in 2020?

Answer 33

4395 (12 per day)

Question 34

How did Canada increase access to Naloxone?

Answer 34

Through injection or nasal spray

Question 35

What did BC declare about opioid use in 2016?

Answer 35

Public health emergency

Question 36

Pre pandemic vs post pandemic opioid death #

Answer 36

Pre- 115 Post-169

Question 37

How much more prevalent is death in young adults than teens

Answer 37

5x

Question 38

What is the most widely used recreational drug in Canada?

Answer 38

cannabis

Question 39

T or F: Youth in Canada have highest rates of Cannabis use in the world

Answer 39

True

Question 40

What percent of 20-24 year olds have tried Cannabis?

Answer 40

54%

Question 41

What percent of those in grades 7-12 report using marijuana?

Answer 41

18%

Question 42

Which age group is 2x more likely to use Cannabis?

Answer 42

18-44

Question 43

What does Cannabis slow?

Answer 43

Reaction time, attention span, and coordination

Question 44

What percent of people use cannabis daily?

Answer 44

18-24: 9% 25-44: 10% 45+: 5%

Question 45

What amount of people who use cannabis regularly are addicted?

Answer 45

1 in 11

Question 46

Cannabis and the brain: Cerebellum

Answer 46

Impairs persons coordination and sense of time

Question 47

Cannabis and the brain: Brain stem

Answer 47

Reduces nausea for chemo patients, higher THC can lead to vomiting and increase of heart rate

Question 48

Cannabis and the brain: limbic system

Answer 48

attaches to receptors in amygdala and cause feeling of fear and anxiety, can disrupt signalling in hippocampus resulting in short term memory

Question 49

Cannabis and the brain: Basal Ganglia

Answer 49

Increase of dopamine levels, dopamine helps brain remember and encourage activity which leads to addiction

Question 50

Cannabis and the brain: Cerebrum

Answer 50

Disrupt information processing, impairing thinking, attention and decision making, causes psychosis symptoms (hallucinations)

Question 51

CBD and THC medical benefits?

Answer 51

CBD treats seizure disorders Synthetic THC treats nausea associated with Chemo

Question 52

What two things cause an uncontrollable urge of addiction even if unconscious of it?

Answer 52

Association and cues

Question 53

If you spend more time trying to quit are you more likely to?

Answer 53

Yes!!

Question 54

In addiction disease what doesn’t interact in the frontal lobe?

Answer 54

The ghost system of “go” and the stop system

Question 55

Why was the “stop” system evolved?

Answer 55

Evolved for us to weigh the consequences

Question 56

What is Baclofen?

Answer 56

Reduces activity of go system and brings in into a manageable range Allows chance to allow “stop” to weigh in

Question 57

What percent of Uni students used cannabis?

Answer 57

80%

Question 58

What does methadone do?

Answer 58

Reduces cravings and blocks drug effects