Chapter 6: Bone 1

Question 1

What are some important functions of bone BESIDES support and protection? Hint: involves hormones

Answer 1

Helps to regulate insulin secretion, glucose homeostasis, and energy expenditure

Question 2

What class of bone is approximately equal in length and width

Answer 2

Short bones (such as tarsals and carpals)

Question 3

What is Hematopoiesis and where does it occur?

Answer 3

It is blood cell production, and occurs in the red marrow.

Question 4

What is the technical term for blood cell production?

Answer 4

Hematopoiesis

Question 5

What is the name for an Ovoid bone found in a tendon?

Answer 5

Sesamoid bone

Question 6

What is the primary ossification center?

Answer 6

The diaphysis

Question 7

Bone with a complex shape is called?

Answer 7

Irregular bone

Question 8

What type of bone class is the scapula?

Answer 8

Flat bone. Even though it has projections, it is MAINLY curved and flat.

Question 9

What is the hollow space in the shaft of a long bone?

Answer 9

Medullary Cavity

Question 10

In adults, the medullary cavity stores what?

Answer 10

Yellow marrow/fat

Question 11

Identify the stage of long bone growth at the epiphyseal plate indicated by “C.”

Answer 11

Hypertrophic Zone.

Cartilage cells expand and erode their lacunae as they are taken over by osseous tissue (big cells on the border of bone and cartilage)

Question 12

Give an example of a short bone

Answer 12

Carpals or Tarsals

Question 13

Give an example of an irregular bone

Answer 13

Vertebra or Coxa (hip bone)

Question 14

True or false: Bone tissue has hormonal production occuring

Answer 14

True. It helps to:

1. regulate insulin secretion
2. glucose homeostasis
3. energy expenditure

Question 15

Give an example of a long bone

Answer 15

Humerus (arm bone)

Question 16

What are the zones of of growth in long bones?

1. Resting Zone
2. Proliferation Zone (Chondrocytes undergoing mitosis)
3. Hypertrophic Zone (Older cartilage cells enlarge their lacunae)
4. Calcification Zone (Matrix calcifies, chondrocytes begin to die, matricx deteriorates, blood vessels invade the cavity
5. Ossification Zone (New bone forms, covering cartilage spicules)

Question 17

What class of bone is the patella?

Answer 17

Sesamoid bone

Question 18

What type of tissue covers the outer surface of a long bone? What is it called?

Answer 18

Fibrous connective tissue; Periosteum

Question 19

Correct stage name in longitudinal growth of a long bone:

Dead cartilage cells appear; matrix begins deteriorating

Answer 19

Stage 3 (Hypertrophic)

Question 20

The diaphysis is the site of..

Answer 20

Primary Ossification

Question 21

Major inorganic component of bone is…

Answer 21

Calcium Phosphate (mineral deposit)

Question 22

Fossae are…

Answer 22

Bone depressions

Question 23

A narrow, slitlike opening in a bone is referred to as a __________.

Answer 23

Fissure

Question 24

A Trochanter is…

Answer 24

A large, blunt, irregularly shaped process on a bone

Question 25

Hypocalcemia leads to…

Answer 25

Hypocalcemia leads to hyperexcitability.

Question 26

A Tuberosity is…

Answer 26

large, rough and rounded projection

Question 27

T or F:

Despite the environmental factors that influence bone density, genetics still plays the major role in determining bone density.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Describe a Tubercle

Answer 28

Small rounded projection or process