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Anatomy > Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

Axial Skeleton Flashcards

Learn the placement and function of bones of the skull, spine, and thoracic cage.

1
Q
  1. What bone is this and where is it located?
  2. What structure is indicated by B?
A
  1. Ethmoid bone, found deep to the nasal bone and medial to the “eyes” of the skull
  2. It is the cribriform foramina (space for the bundle of nerve fibers that make up the olfactory nerve)
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2
Q

The structure “Sella turcica” is part of the…

A

Sphenoid bone

(It is the seat of the pituitary gland in the skull)

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3
Q

The zygomatic process can be felt in which part of your face?

A

It is the upper firm support bone of the cheekbone near the edge of the outer ear.

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4
Q

What skull bone forms part of the nasal septum?

A

The ethmoid

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5
Q

What bone forms the cheek and part of the orbit?

A

The zygomatic bone

(“zygomatic” = cheek)

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6
Q

Which bone does NOT form a part of the orbits of the eyes?

A

Optional answers:

Mandible

Occiptal

Temporal

Parietal

Vomer

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7
Q

True or false:

The vomer is a facial bone

A

True!

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8
Q

What bone contains the infraorbital foramen?

A

The maxilla (skull bone containing the superior alveolar processes, frontal processes and nasal spine).

The infraorbital foramen are the holes below the rounded plates between the nasal spine where the eye “sits”. In other words… near your undereye circle area.

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9
Q

What are the parts of the sphenoid bone? Where is it located in the skull?

A

The bat-shaped sphenoid bone (sfe’noid; sphen = wedge) spans the width of the middle cranial fossa. The sphenoid is considered the keystone of the cranium because it forms a central wedge that articulates with all other cranial bones. It is a challenging bone to study because of its complex shape.

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10
Q

Which of the following bones would most likely be involved in surgery to remove a tumor on the pituitary gland?

A

The sella turcica of the sphenoid bone. (It is a fossa, or depression, that holds the pituitary.)

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11
Q

The auditory ossicles are the…

A

Bones of the middle ear

(Malleus, Stapes and Incus.)

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12
Q

What is the location of the Sphenoid Bone?

A

Behind the eyes and nose inside the medial anterior skull

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13
Q

Sutures connect all the bones of the skull, except the __________.

Why?

A

Mandible

The mandible must be able to move, so an articulating joint is needed.

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14
Q

Zygomatic refers to…

A

The cheekbone area

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15
Q

What bone is shown? What are the structures contained within?

(There are more than those in the photo, these 4 will get you started!)

A
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16
Q

The __________ forms part of the nasal septum and the lateral walls and roof of the nasal cavity

A

Ethmoid

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17
Q

A common injury in the winter is a fall in which someone hits the back of his or her head on the ice. What bone is most likely to be involved in this type of fall?

A

Occipital

(back of the skull)

18
Q

What bone forms the chin?

A

Mandible

19
Q

Which of the sinuses is in high risk of infection spreading from the middle ear?

A

The mastoid sinuses

20
Q

Where is the mastoid process found?

A

Inferior edge of the temporal bone.

21
Q

How many sets of sinuses do we have? What are they and where are they located?

A
22
Q

A joint between skull bones is referred to as a ______.

A

Suture

23
Q

Superior and middle nasal conchae are part of this bone

A

Ethmoid

24
Q

What forms the posterior hard palate?

A

The palatine bone

25
Q

________ Forms part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavity

A

Inferior nasal concha

“The paired inferior nasal conchae are thin, curved bones that project medially from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity, just inferior to the middle nasal conchae of the ethmoid bone. They are the largest of the three pairs of conchae and, like the others, they form part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavity.”

26
Q

The “keystone bone” of the face is the…

A

Maxilla

27
Q

What are the six parts of the rib and their locations?

A

Costal Groove to accommodate blood vessels and nerves on the inferior posterior edge, Shaft (long comparatively straight portion), Angle (curve of rib), Head (attachment to spine), Neck (below Head), Tubercle (bump near neck)

28
Q

What changes happen to the skull structure from approximately ages 6 to 13?

A

Between the ages of 6 and 13, healthy humans will…

  • Develop permanent teeth
  • Jaws, cheekbone, and nose become more prominent
  • The nasal area and paranasal sinuses expand
29
Q

What bone contains mastoid sinuses?

A

Temporal bone

(Remember: temporal has the mastoid process.)

30
Q

With which bone does the mandible articulate in the skull?

A

It fits into the mandibular fossa in the temporal bone. (The depression directly below the branchlike extension of the zygomatic process.)

31
Q

The vomer forms part of the _________

A

Part of the nasal septum

32
Q

An infection of the mastoid sinuses can be caused by _______.

It can present a danger to due the possibility of ______.

A

An infection of the mastoid sinuses can be caused by the spread of an ear infection due to close proximity.

It can present a danger to due the possibility of spreading to the brain.

33
Q

Identify the part of a rib and thoracic vertebra indicated by “C.”

A

Neck of rib

34
Q

Foramen ovale is part of what bone?

A

Sphenoid

35
Q

What would you find located in the lacrimal fossa?

A

The lacrimal sac

“The lacrimal fossa houses the lacrimal sac, part of the passageway that allows tears to drain from the eye surface into the nasal cavity”

36
Q

True or false:

Sinuses are found in multiple bones, including the mandible.

A

False!

There is no sinus in the mandible.

37
Q

Where would a dentist inject novocaine to prevent pain in the lower teeth?

A

The mandibular foramen

38
Q

What is this bone and what are the names of each part?

A
39
Q

What are the fontanels?

What is the structure indicated by B?

A

A fontanel is a “soft spot” on an infant’s skull, covered by a tough fibrous membrane before the skull fully ossifies.

It allows the infant skull enough flexibility to pass through the birth canal while protecting the delicate brain.

B: Posterior Fontanel

40
Q

The supraorbital foramen is contained in the…

A

Frontal bone

(Supra = superior = higher up. The upper edge of the eye socket.)

Anatomy (10 decks)

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