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Anatomy > Chapter 4 - Tissues > Flashcards

Chapter 4 - Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

T or F: Epithelia are regenerative

A

True, Epithelial cells are “cheap” in terms of materials so they are sloughed off or damaged and then easily replaced

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2
Q

T or F: Epithelia are avascular and innervated

A

True, epithelia receive their blood supply from underlying tissues.

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3
Q

What are microvilli?

A

Small hair like extensions on the apical side that allow for more surface area.

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4
Q

What is the difference between microvilli and cilia?

A

Cilia move, microvilli do not.

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5
Q

Where are epithelia found?

A

Lining of cavities, secreting/absorbing areas, outer skin, urogenital/digestive/respiratory

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6
Q

What type of junctions do epithelial cells have?

A

Tight junctions or desmosomes

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7
Q

What type of epithelial cells line blood vessels and air sacs in the lungs?

A

Simple squamous (for easy diffusion and exchange)

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8
Q

You observe a tissue that has cells of varying heights. At first glance, it appears that the tissue has multiple cell layers, but upon closer investigation, you see that all of the cells attach to the same basement membrane.

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

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9
Q

Which of the following epithelial tissue types is best adapted for the rapid transport of materials across its membranes?

A

Simple squamous

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10
Q

Why are histological sections stained?

A

To enhance contrast.

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11
Q

Match the following specialized characteristic of epithelium with the appropriate description or example: Polarity

A

Tissue with a free apical surface and attached basal surface

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12
Q

The role of microvilli is to __________.

A

Increase surface area

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13
Q

Mucus that protects your stomach lining is secreted by which type of epithelial cell?

A

Simple Columnar

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14
Q

Which of the following descriptions best describe a squamous-shaped cell?

A

A flattened, scale-like cell

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15
Q

________ are important and common unicellular exocrine glands.

A

Goblet cells

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16
Q

________ are important and common unicellular exocrine glands.

A

Goblet cells

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17
Q

You observe a multicellular gland with branched ducts and saclike secretory areas. What type of gland would this most likely be?

A

Alveolar compound exocrine gland

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18
Q

Which of the following is not a function of epithelial tissues?:
Protection, Control, Ion Transport, Secretion, FIltration

A

Control (Nervous)

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19
Q

Where can the following epithelial tissue with a body location where it can be found: Simple cuboidal

A

Walls of the smallest ducts of glands and kidney tubules

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20
Q

Which of the following tissues lines the MAJORITY of the digestive tract?

A

Simple Columnar

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21
Q

Match the following exocrine gland with its structure: Intestinal glands

A

Simple tubule

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22
Q

Match the following epithelial tissue with a body location where it can be found: Pseudostratified ciliated columnar

A

Upper respiratory tract

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23
Q

An important component of the immune system is mucus, which lines all external surfaces (respiratory, reproductive, and digestive systems) with a slimy coating that prevents the spread of pathogens.

Thus, the immune system is dependent on mucus secreted by which type of gland?

A

Unicellular exocrine glands

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24
Q

What is the role of an exocrine gland?

A

To secrete substances onto body surfaces and into body cavities (NOT into blood, lymph, or to secrete hormones).

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25
Q

Epithelial tissues, bone, areolar connective tissue, dense irregular connective tissue, and blood __________.

A

Are very good at regenerating

26
Q

Mucus that protects your stomach lining is secreted by which type of epithelial cell?

A

Simple columnar

27
Q

Match the following epithelium with its function(s): Simple cuboidal

A

Secretion and absorption

28
Q

A sebaceous (oil) gland of the skin must completely rupture to release its secretory products. Thus, this type of gland is considered to be a __________.

A

Holocrine

29
Q

What is NOT a general feature of connective tissue proper?

A

Functions to cushion and support body structures

30
Q

Which tissue type includes two major inter-dependent types of cells?

A

Nervous tissue

31
Q

What is the function of muscle tissue type: smooth muscle

A

Allows hollow organs to contract and propel materials through them (digestive organs, reproductive organs, etc.)

32
Q

What is the function of muscle tissue type: smooth muscle

A

Allows hollow organs to contract and propel materials through them (digestive organs, reproductive organs, etc.)

33
Q

The skin is a __________ membrane.

A

cutaneous

34
Q

“Made in part of branching cells that respond to stimuli and transmit electrical impulses” describes what type of tissue?

A

Nervous

35
Q

No striations; spindle-shaped cells; uninucleated cells describes what type of tissue cell?

A

Smooth muscle

36
Q

What is correct order of the steps of tissue repair?

A

Inflammation, blood clotting, organization, regeneration

37
Q

Which of the following “sets the stage” for tissue repair?

A

Inflammation

38
Q

Neurons are cells that are involved in __________.

A

Responding to stimuli

39
Q

True or false: Nervous cells may be described as branching cells with cell processes that may be quite long.

A

True

40
Q

True or False: Serous membranes provide secretions for lubrication of organs enclosed within the body cavities

A

True

41
Q

Embryonic ectoderm develops into which of the following major tissue types?

A

Epithelial (arises from all 3) and Nervous (arises from ectoderm only)

42
Q

Allows voluntary movement to occur by changing position of bones

A

Skeletal muscle

43
Q

Mucous membrane located:

A

Lines the inside of hollow organs that open to the body’s exterior

44
Q

True or False: Chondrocytes are components of bones.

A

False, chondrocytes are cartilage cells.

45
Q

Spindle-shaped (elongated) cells with central nuclei; no striations; cells arranged closely to form sheets describes _________

A

Smooth muscle

46
Q

Macrophages are phagocytic cells that engulf foreign matter, True or False?

A

True

47
Q

Blood is considered a connective tissue because __________.

A

It arises from mesenchyme and has a non-living matrix around living cells (plasma)

48
Q

Connective tissue type: Stands up to both tension and compression; tough and flexible, providing resilient rigidity

A

Cartilage

49
Q

Osteoblast is a…

A

Immature, bone-producing cell

50
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Matrix similar to but less firm than that in hyaline cartilage; thick collagen fibers predominate

51
Q

Forms embryonic skeleton and covers the ends of long bones

A

Hyaline cartilage

52
Q

Supports external ear, epiglottis

A

Elastic cartilage

53
Q

An Osteoblast’s job is to….

A

form bone

54
Q

Pumps a liquid connective tissue through vessels

A

Cardiac Muscle

55
Q

Describe properties of bone tissue

A

Supports and protects body structures; stores fat; synthesizes blood cells

56
Q

True or False: Moving the body is a job of connective tissue

A

False, that is muscle tissue’s job

57
Q

Fibrocartilage is found in…

A

Intervertebral discs; pubis symphysis; menisci of knee joint

58
Q

Maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility

A

Elastic cartilage

59
Q

Voluntary movement; locomotion; manipulation of the environment; facial expression; voluntary control

A

Skeletal muscle

60
Q

Hematopoietic stem cells

A

Form new blood cells

Anatomy (10 decks)

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