Chapter 6: Basic Concepts on Laboratory Biosafety and Biosecurity

Question 1

The containment PRINCIPLES, TECHNOLOGY, and PRACTICES that are implemented to prevent unintentional exposure to pathogens and toxins, or their accidental release.

protects people from germs

Answer 1

Biosafety

Question 2

The PROTECTION, CONTROL, and ACCOUNTABILITY of valuable biological materials within laboratories, in order to prevent their unauthorized access, loss, theft, misuse, diversion, or intentional release.

protects germs from people

Answer 2

Biosecurity

Question 3

The origins of biosafety are rooted in the US BIOLOGICAL WEAPON PROGRAM which began in 1943, as ordered by the?

Answer 3

US President Franklin Roosevelt

Question 4

It became the FIRST SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR of
Camp Detrick.

Answer 4

Ira L. Baldwin

Question 5

He DESIGN MODIFICATION FOR BIOSAFETY
at Camp Detrick.

Answer 5

Newell A. Johnson

Question 6

In what year do consequent meetings eventually lead to the formation of the American Biological Safety Association (ABSA)?

Answer 6

1984

Question 7

He described the USE OF MECHANICAL PIPETTORS to prevent laboratory-acquired infections in 1907 and 1908.

Answer 7

Arnold Wedum

Question 8

In what year has PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY in PENNSYLVANIA developed a ventilated cabinet to prevent infection from Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer 8

1909

Question 9

In what year does the CDC publish the CLASSIFICATION OF ETIOLOGICAL AGENTS on the Basis of Hazard?

Answer 9

1974

Question 10

In what year does the National Institutes of Health (NIH) of the United States publish the NIH GUIDELINES FOR RESEARCH Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules?

Answer 10

1978

Question 11

In what year does the National Institutes of Health (NIH) of the United States publish the NIH GUIDELINES FOR RESEARCH Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules?

Answer 11

1978

Question 12

These Guidelines along with WHO’s FIRST EDITION OF?

Answer 12

Laboratory Biosafety Manual (1983)

Question 13

The NIH’s jointly published the FIRST EDITION OF?

Answer 13

Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (1984)

Question 14

In what year does the US government enact the SELECT AGENT REGULATIONS to monitor the transfer of a select list of biological agents from one facility to another?

Answer 14

1996

Question 15

In what year after the terrorist attacks and ANTHRAX ATTACK (aka. Amerithrax), they revised Select Agents Regulation?

Answer 15

2001

Question 16

In what year is the REVISION of the SELECT AGENT REGULATION?

Answer 16

2012

Question 17

BIOLOGICAL AGENTS AND TOXINS ACT

Answer 17

Singapore, 2005

Question 18

ACT ON PREVENTION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE

Answer 18

South Korea, 2005

Question 19

INFECTIOUS DISEASE CONTROL

Answer 19

Japan

Question 20

What year does WHO published 3rd edition of the LABORATORY BIOSAFETY MANUAL?

Answer 20

1983

Question 21

The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB), made effective in?

Answer 21

2003

Question 22

The office of the president promulgated E.O. 514 ESTABLISHING National Biosafety Framework (NBF), on what date?

Answer 22

March 27, 2006

Question 23

It promotes biosafety as a SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINE and provides GUIDANCE to its members on the regulatory regimen present in North America.

Answer 23

American Biological Safety Association (ABSA),
founded in 1984.

Question 24

Acts as a PROFESSIONAL SOCIETY FOR BIOSAFETY professionals in the Asia-Pacific region.

Answer 24

Asia-Pacific Biosafety Association (A-PBA), was founded in 2005.

Question 25

Focuses on ENCOURAGING AND COMMUNICATING among its members information and issues on biosafety and biosecurity as well as emerging legislation and standards

Answer 25

European Biological Safety Association (EBSA), was founded in June 1996

Question 26

These microorganisms bring about a LOW INDIVIDUAL and HIGH RISK.

Includes microorganisms that are unlikely to cause human or animal disease.

Answer 26

Risk group 1

Question 26

This risk group brings about MODERATE INDIVIDUAL RISK and LIMITED COMMUNITY RISK.

Includes microorganisms that are unlikely to be a significant risk to laboratory workers and the community or the environment.

Answer 26

Risk group 2

Question 27

This risk group brings about a HIGH INDIVIDUAL RISK and LIMITED TO MODERATE COMMUNITY RISK.

Includes microorganisms that are known to cause serious diseases to humans or animals and may present a significant risk to laboratory workers.

Answer 27

Risk group 3

Question 28

Bring about HIGH INDIVIDUAL AND COMMUNITY RISK.

Include microorganisms that are known to cause life-threatening diseases.

Answer 28

Risk group 4

Question 29

Is suitable for work involving microorganisms that are defined and well characterized strains known NOT TO CAUSE DISEASE.

 Bacillus subtilis
 Naegleria gruberi
 infectious canine hepatitis virus

Answer 29

BSL-1

Question 30

Designed for laboratories that dealt with MODERATE-RISK agents present in the community or the BODY FLUIDS AND TISSUES.

 Hepatitis B virus
 HIV
 Salmonellae and Toxoplasma species

Answer 30

BSL-2

Question 31

Puts emphasis on primary and secondary barriers in the protection of the personnel, community, and environment from INFECTIOUS AEROSOL EXPOSURE that can cause RESPIRATORY TRANSMISSION.

 Mycobacterium tuberculosis
 St. Louis encephalitis virus
 And Coxiella.

Answer 31

BSL-3

Question 32

Required for work with dangerous and exotic agents that pose a HIGH RISK OF LIFE-THREATENING diseases that may be transmitted via aerosol route, for which there are NO AVAILABLE VACCINES of treatment.

 Marburg or the Crimean-Congo
hemorrhagic fever

Answer 32

BSL-4