Chapter 6 - Analysis Of Movement Flashcards
What are articulations?
Joints
Define the agnostic muscle
the muscle/muscle group who are mainly responsible for the action
What isometric contraction?
muscle contraction but not movement occurs
What isotonic contraction?
muscle changes length when contracting
What is a concentric contraction?
A muscle shortening as it contracts
What is eccentric contraction
A muscle lengthening as it contracts
What is the sagittal plane?
the plane the splits the body into left and right
What is the frontal plane?
the plane that splits the body into front and back
What is the transverse plane?
The plane that splits the body into top and bottom
What is the frontal axis?
The axis that passes from from front to back
What is the transverse axis?
The axis that passes from side to side
What is the longitudinal axis ?
The axis that passes from top to bottom
What are the pairs of planes and axis?
Sagittal plane and transverse axis Frontal plane and frontal axis Transverse plane and longitudinal axis
What movements do each pair of planes and axis make?
Sagittal plane and transverse axis - flextion and extension movements. forward and backwards movements. Frontal plane and frontal axis - Adduction and abduction. Side to side movements Transverse plane and longitudinal axis - rotational movements
Name the types of joint and where to find them?
Hinge - Elbow, knee Ball & Socket - Shoulder, Hip
Describe plantar and dorsiflextion
Plantar-flextion is point the toes towards the ground Dorsi-flextion is pointing the toes towards the sky
Define hyper-extension
When the angle between the bone and the joint exceeds 180
Define horizontal hyper extension
When the arm is taken back behind the shoulder but parallel to the ground. (preparing the do an overarm throw)
Describe horizonal flextion and extension
What are articulatin bones?
Bones that meet to form a joint
Describe a first class lever
The fulcrum lies in the middle.
Describe a second class lever
The resistance lies in the middle
Describe a thrid class lever
The effort lies in the middle
Describe the way to remeber what lever is working.
123, FRE
This tells you what factor lies in the middle of each lever.
1 is the fulcrum
2 is the resistance
3 is the effort
What are the fulcrum, resistence and effort in a level?
Fulcrum - Joint
Effort - the muscle
Reistance - the weight youre moving
Give examples of each lever.
1st class lever - throwing, pressups, headstand to handstand.
2nd class- only occurs at the foot/ankle , running, kicking, jumping.
3rd class- bicep curl,
Define the force arm
Distance of the force/effort/muscle from the fulcrum.
Define resistance arm
The distance between the resistance and the fulcrum
Whats the mechanical advantage and disadvantage of having a short force arm but a long resistance arm?
A short force arm means it can apply much force to move the object, its not very strong.
A long resistance arm means that a large range of movement, an can lift object quickly
Eg) in a 3rd class lever, you can lift a lot of weight but you can do it quckly
