Chapter 6 Flashcards
Origins of community sport: early North American experiences:
- indigenous sport
- early races and contests from settlers
- voluntary sport clubs emerge in major North American cities in 1800s
- 1900s playground movement (US and Mexico)
- governance of community sport in Canada
Youth sport history:
- YMCA
- the Boys and Girls Clubs
- YWCA
- PAL
- Pop Warner football
- CYO
- the Little League
- the Royal Canadian Legion
Ethical issues of youth sport:
- focus on education or elite sport development?
- who should govern youth sport?
- who has access to various sport opportunities?
- how should opportunities and resources be allocated?
Community:
- viewed as a place where solidarity, participation and coherence can be found
- a group of people with a shared identity
Community sport:
organized PA that is based in community, school, and local sport organizations
Community sport includes _____ and ____ ____ but not _____ _____ or _____.
- recreation
- competitive sport
- fitness activities
- programs
Community sport does not have to lead to development of ____ ____ ___.
high performance sport
Community sport has emphasis on the ______.
participant
Community sport has benefits of ____ _____.
sport participation
Main aim of development of sport in communities is ____ ____.
sport inclusion
The desired sporting outcomes of development of sport in communities can include:
- removal of barriers to sport participation
- providing opportunities to develop skills
- moving from recreational participation to competition
- training and support
The main aim of development of communities through sport is ____ _____.
social inclusion
Development of communities through sport projects will be more ____ ____, not ____ ____.
- needs based
- sport centred
Development of communities through sport projects aim to use sport to achieve social outcomes such as:
- reducing levels of vandalism and crime
- improved school attendance/educational performance
- increasing PA in targeted groups
Emphasis on the participant means focus on participant, not …..
- spectators
- consumers of sport as entertainment (community sport vs professional sport)
Emphasis on the participant means managerial focus on:
- attracting and retaining participants
- programs offered
- the time and place
- the organization and delivery of programs
- cost
Emphasis on the participant means ____ of services (increasing _____) and _____ performance.
- quality
- participation
- financial
Goals of youth community sport:
- participation and education on the rules and strategies of the game
- related social and ethical development of the children
Benefits of sport participation:
- quality of life (physical, mental health)
- family life
- sense of community/social capital
Physical benefits of sport participation:
- CV
- decreased stress
Mental health benefits of sport participation:
- improved concentration
- analytical ability
Benefits of family life from sport participation:
- increased bonds
- improves satisfaction in families
____ million Canadians aged ____ or older volunteered for sport organizations that served participants of all ages in their community.
- 1.53
- 15
Types of community sport organizations in Canada:
- local, regional and national sport organizations
- community sport clubs: non profit sport organizations
Non-profit sport organizations:
- volunteer based local sport organizations for community members
- governed and supported through volunteer management and coaching
Types of community sport organizations in US:
- non profit organizations
- commercial organizations
- public entities
- multisport organization (MSO)
Non-profit organizations examples:
- YMCA
- the Boys and Girls Clubs
Commercial organizations examples:
swimming, golf, and tennis clubs
Public entities
- schools
- local government parks and recreation facilities
- government subsidized
Multisport organization (MSO):
an organization that is composed of, involves, or accommodates several sports
Variations in structure and management styles:
- some highly professional with paid staff
- others informal, loose volunteer networks
Tensions between volunteers and professional staff:
-
Professional human resource management (HRM) model:
- a model that describes scientific methods for staffing, training, developing, and managing human resources
- well suited for paid employees, it does not often fit for volunteers
Management challenges:
- professional human resource management model
- provide guidelines, structure, and accountability for community sport organizations
- streamline program delivery
Streamline program delivery includes:
- worker recruitment
- selection
- training
- development
HRM programs and services planning:
examining organization’s strategies, goals, and resources
HRM is according to the _____, ____ ____.
- planning
- personnel needs
HRM volunteers vs paid professional staffs:
- resources
- work to be performed, activities to receive compensation (ex. Alberta Sport Connection)
- necessary numbers of volunteers
- work volumes
- background checks
- skills and training
HRM volunteer training procedure:
- voluteer coaches
- ethical standards
- proper child safety
- education in the sport techniques and tactics
- education in motivation
- behaviour management
Adult community sport offerings:
- classes
- leagues
- tournaments
Adult classes:
instructional sessions that enhance the skill or fitness level of the participants
Adult leagues:
organized forms of ongoing competition in a sport
Adult tournaments:
organized forms of sport that usually extend over several days or weeks
Youth sport offerings:
- classes
- instructional leagues
- competitive leagues
- after school programs
Youth classes:
emphasis on enjoyment
Instructional youth leagues:
- basic motor skills
- basic skills
- rules
- strategies
- often with younger kids
Competitive youth leagues:
- for older children
- emphasis on competition
- from local level to national championship events to international sport events
After school programs:
- emphasis on physical health and fitness
- younger children more likely to be enrolled
- provided by public schools
- YMCAs and Boys and Girls Clubs
- non profit and commercial organizations
Nunavik Youth Hockey Program:
- started by a former NHL player in a town in Northern Quebec with social problems
- focused on teaching youth a healthy lifestyle and the importance of education through hockey
- operated and administered in cooperation with the local school board
