chapter 6

Question 1

Axial skeleton

Answer 1

Bones that form the trunk area of your body

Question 2

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 2

Bones of the limbs

Question 3

Functions of skeletal system

Answer 3

Support, protect, movement, storage, blood cell formation

Question 4

four bone shape classification

Answer 4

Long, short, flat, irregular

Question 5

Diaphysis

Answer 5

Makes up most of the bones length, composed of compact bone

Question 6

Epiphysis

Answer 6

The ends of the long bone

Question 7

Epiphyseal plate

Answer 7

Growth plate found in young, growing bones

Question 8

Articular cartilage

Answer 8

Covers the surface of the Epiphysis

Question 9

Periosteum

Answer 9

Covers the diaphysis with a connective tissue membrane

Question 10

Red bone marrow

Answer 10

For adults, is found in flat bones in the epiphysis of some long bones

Question 11

Yellow bone marrow

Answer 11

Located inside diaphysis, storage place for adipose tissue, forms red blood cells for infants

Question 12

Ligaments

Answer 12

Bone to bone

Question 13

Ball and socket

Answer 13

Free movement in all directions, shoulder and hip

Question 14

Hinge

Answer 14

Bending only in One Direction, elbows and knees

Question 15

Pivot

Answer 15

Rotating and swiveling, neckbones and lower arm bones

Question 16

Plane

Answer 16

Limited movement sideways and up-and-down, between carpals and tarsal bones

Question 17

Synovial fluid

Answer 17

Fluid secreted by synovial membrane which lubricates joint surfaces and nourishes articular Cartilage

Question 18

Bursa

Answer 18

Lubricating sacs located around friction areas in joints

Question 19

Synovial membrane

Answer 19

Membrane surrounding joints providing a smooth service and secrete lubricating fluid creating a fluid filled cushion between moving parts

Question 20

Elbow

Answer 20

Humorous, radius, ulna

Question 21

Knee

Answer 21

Femur, tibia, fibula, patella

Question 22

Collarbone

Answer 22

Clavicle

Question 23

Shoulder blade

Answer 23

scapula

Question 24

Jaw

Answer 24

Mandible

Question 25

Fingers and toes

Answer 25

Phalanges

Question 26

Wrist

Answer 26

Carpals

Question 27

Ankle

Answer 27

tarsals

Question 28

Calcaneus

Answer 28

Heel bone

Question 29

Cervical vertebrae

Answer 29

Check

Question 30

Thoracic vertebrae

Answer 30

Chest

Question 31

lumbar vertebrae

Answer 31

Lower back

Question 32

Arthritis

Answer 32

An inflammation of a joint that eventually distorts the location of the bones, usually accompanied by pain

Question 33

Bursitis

Answer 33

An inflammation of a bursa, especially one located between bones and muscles or tendons as in the shoulder or knee joints

Question 34

Osteoporosis

Answer 34

A bone condition in which calcium is removed more rapidly than it is replaced causing softening of bones: common in the elderly

Question 35

Rheumatism

Answer 35

Soreness and stiffness of muscles and pain and joints

Question 36

Rickets

Answer 36

A diss order of importance caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, the bones become soft and the legs become bowed

Question 37

ruptured disc

Answer 37

when the cartilage disc between the vertebrae in the back becomes flattened and protrudes outward.

Question 38

dislocation

Answer 38

the temporary displacement of a bone from its joint, ligaments and tendons may be torn in severe cases

Question 39

spongy bone appearance

Answer 39

porous

Question 40

compact bone appearance

Answer 40

dense & smooth

Question 41

why do bone injuries heal faster than cartilage

Answer 41

cartilage has no blood supply

Question 42

3 major parts of the axial skeleton

Answer 42

skull, ribs, vertebrae

Question 43

8 cranium bones

Answer 43

frontal, parietal (2), occipital, temporal (2), zygomatic process (2), maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid (2)

Question 44

chin bone

Answer 44

mandible

Question 45

cheekbone

Answer 45

zygomatic

Question 46

upper jaw bone

Answer 46

maxillary

Question 47

bony eyebrow ridge

Answer 47

frontal

Question 48

2 ways that the fetal skull differs from the adult skull

Answer 48

softer | not finished growing

Question 49

5 major regions of the vertebral column

Answer 49

``` cervical (7) thoracic (12) lumbar (5) sacrum coccyx ```

Question 50

2 differences between male & female pelvis

Answer 50

female opening wider/rounder, sacrum is straighter

Question 51

name the bones of the lower limb superiorly to inferiorly

Answer 51

``` femur patella tibia fibula tarsals metatarsal phalanges ```

Question 52

keep bones healthy

Answer 52

good nutrition | exercise

Question 53

bones unhealthy

Answer 53

not moving much | bad diet

Question 54

what causes osteoporosis

Answer 54

bones get soft

Question 55

why is the fetal skull not fully formed at birth

Answer 55

brain growth | flexible head through the birth canal