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Anatomy > chapter 6 > Flashcards

chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Bones that form the trunk area of your body

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2
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Bones of the limbs

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3
Q

Functions of skeletal system

A

Support, protect, movement, storage, blood cell formation

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4
Q

four bone shape classification

A

Long, short, flat, irregular

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5
Q

Diaphysis

A

Makes up most of the bones length, composed of compact bone

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6
Q

Epiphysis

A

The ends of the long bone

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7
Q

Epiphyseal plate

A

Growth plate found in young, growing bones

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8
Q

Articular cartilage

A

Covers the surface of the Epiphysis

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9
Q

Periosteum

A

Covers the diaphysis with a connective tissue membrane

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10
Q

Red bone marrow

A

For adults, is found in flat bones in the epiphysis of some long bones

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11
Q

Yellow bone marrow

A

Located inside diaphysis, storage place for adipose tissue, forms red blood cells for infants

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12
Q

Ligaments

A

Bone to bone

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13
Q

Ball and socket

A

Free movement in all directions, shoulder and hip

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14
Q

Hinge

A

Bending only in One Direction, elbows and knees

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15
Q

Pivot

A

Rotating and swiveling, neckbones and lower arm bones

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16
Q

Plane

A

Limited movement sideways and up-and-down, between carpals and tarsal bones

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17
Q

Synovial fluid

A

Fluid secreted by synovial membrane which lubricates joint surfaces and nourishes articular Cartilage

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18
Q

Bursa

A

Lubricating sacs located around friction areas in joints

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19
Q

Synovial membrane

A

Membrane surrounding joints providing a smooth service and secrete lubricating fluid creating a fluid filled cushion between moving parts

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20
Q

Elbow

A

Humorous, radius, ulna

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21
Q

Knee

A

Femur, tibia, fibula, patella

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22
Q

Collarbone

A

Clavicle

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23
Q

Shoulder blade

A

scapula

24
Q

Jaw

A

Mandible

25
Q

Fingers and toes

A

Phalanges

26
Q

Wrist

A

Carpals

27
Q

Ankle

A

tarsals

28
Q

Calcaneus

A

Heel bone

29
Q

Cervical vertebrae

A

Check

30
Q

Thoracic vertebrae

A

Chest

31
Q

lumbar vertebrae

A

Lower back

32
Q

Arthritis

A

An inflammation of a joint that eventually distorts the location of the bones, usually accompanied by pain

33
Q

Bursitis

A

An inflammation of a bursa, especially one located between bones and muscles or tendons as in the shoulder or knee joints

34
Q

Osteoporosis

A

A bone condition in which calcium is removed more rapidly than it is replaced causing softening of bones: common in the elderly

35
Q

Rheumatism

A

Soreness and stiffness of muscles and pain and joints

36
Q

Rickets

A

A diss order of importance caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, the bones become soft and the legs become bowed

37
Q

ruptured disc

A

when the cartilage disc between the vertebrae in the back becomes flattened and protrudes outward.

38
Q

dislocation

A

the temporary displacement of a bone from its joint, ligaments and tendons may be torn in severe cases

39
Q

spongy bone appearance

A

porous

40
Q

compact bone appearance

A

dense & smooth

41
Q

why do bone injuries heal faster than cartilage

A

cartilage has no blood supply

42
Q

3 major parts of the axial skeleton

A

skull, ribs, vertebrae

43
Q

8 cranium bones

A

frontal, parietal (2), occipital, temporal (2), zygomatic process (2), maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid (2)

44
Q

chin bone

A

mandible

45
Q

cheekbone

A

zygomatic

46
Q

upper jaw bone

A

maxillary

47
Q

bony eyebrow ridge

A

frontal

48
Q

2 ways that the fetal skull differs from the adult skull

A

softer

not finished growing

49
Q

5 major regions of the vertebral column

A 
cervical (7)
thoracic (12) 
lumbar (5)
sacrum
coccyx
50
Q

2 differences between male & female pelvis

A

female opening wider/rounder, sacrum is straighter

51
Q

name the bones of the lower limb superiorly to inferiorly

A 
femur
patella
tibia
fibula
tarsals
metatarsal 
phalanges
52
Q

keep bones healthy

A

good nutrition

exercise

53
Q

bones unhealthy

A

not moving much

bad diet

54
Q

what causes osteoporosis

A

bones get soft

55
Q

why is the fetal skull not fully formed at birth

A

brain growth

flexible head through the birth canal

Anatomy (15 decks)

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