chapter 3 Flashcards
Cytology
The study of the cell
plasma membrane
The semi permeable membrane between the cell contents in either the cell wall or the cell surroundings
cytoplasm
A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
mitochondria
The organelles in which the nutrients are converted to energy
lysosomes
The organelle in animal cells responsible for hydrolysis reactions that break down proteins carbs and some lipids
ribosomes
place where the protein is built
endoplasmic reticulum
serves a mini circulatory system providing a network of channels for caring substances from one part of the cell to another
Microvilli
fold in the cell membrane that allow it to expand and shrink
rough ER
contains ribosomes and makes plasma membrane lipids
smooth ER
makes cholesterol and steroids
vacuole
A membrane-bound sac
waste vacuoles
vacuoles that contain the waste products of digestion
food vacuoles
vacuoles that contain food
contractile vacuole‘s
regulate the amount of water that comes in and out of the cell
Golgi bodies
The organelles where proteins and lipids are stored and then packaged in such a way that the cell can tell where it goes, then transported where it’s needed
centrioles
form flagella, cilia, involved in mitosis
nucleus
Control center of the cell, holds the cells DNA
ribonucleic acid RNA
held in the nuclear membrane until ready to make proteins
Nucleolus
The center where RNA is made
passive transport
movement of molecules through the plasma membrane, no cell energy involved, molecules use energy to diffuse through
Active transport
movement of molecules through the plasma membrane, cell uses energy to get the molecule in or out
adenosine triphosphate
fully loaded energy molecule
adenosine diphosphate
A little bit of energy is released
Code of life bases
adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, (uracil for RNA)
