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Medical Terminology > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

cardiac

A

pertaining to the heart

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2
Q

cardiologist

A

a medical specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of the heart

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3
Q

cardiology

A

medical specialty of diseases of the heart

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4
Q

cardiovascular

A

pertaining to the heart and blood vesse;s

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5
Q

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

A

the attempt to restore cardiac and pulmonary function

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6
Q

diaphoresis

A

sweat, perspiration, or sweaty

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7
Q

diaphoretic

A

pertaining to sweat or perspiration

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8
Q

electrocardiogram

A

record of the electrical signals of the heart

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9
Q

electrocardiograph

A

machine that produces the electrocardiogram

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10
Q

electrocardiography

A

the method of recording and the interpretation of electrocardiograms

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11
Q

electrode

A

a device for conducting electricity

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12
Q

mediastinum

A

area between the lungs containing the heart, aorta, vanae cavae, esophagus, and trachea

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13
Q

perfusion

A

the act of forcing blood to flow through a lumen or a vascular bed

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14
Q

phlebotomist

A

person skilled in taking blood from veins

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15
Q

phelbotomy

A

withdrawing blood from a vein through a needle or catheter

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16
Q

sternum

A

long, flat bone forming the center of the anterior wall of the chest

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17
Q

thoracic cavity

A

space within the chest containing the lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, aorta, vanae cavae, and pulmonary vessels

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18
Q

-ac

A

pertaining to

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19
Q

cardi

A

heart

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20
Q

-logist

A

one who studies, specialist

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21
Q

-logy

A

study of

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22
Q

-ary

A

pertaining to

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23
Q

pulmon

A

lung

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24
Q

-ation

A

a process

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25
Q

resiscit

A

revive from apparent death

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26
Q

-ar

A

pertaining to

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27
Q

vascul

A

blood vessel

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28
Q

-esis

A

condition

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29
Q

-etic

A

pertaining to

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30
Q

diaphor

A

sweat

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31
Q

-gram

A

a record

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32
Q

electr

A

electricity

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33
Q

-graph

A

to record

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34
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

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35
Q

-ode

A

way, road

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36
Q

-um

A

structure

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37
Q

media

A

middle

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38
Q

stin

A

partition

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39
Q

-ion

A

action

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40
Q

perfus

A

to pour

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41
Q

-ist

A

specialist

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42
Q

phleb

A

vein

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43
Q

tom

A

incise, cut

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44
Q

-tomy

A

surgical incision

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45
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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46
Q

throac

A

chest

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47
Q

aorta

A

main trunk of the systemic arterial system

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48
Q

aortic

A

pertaining to the aorta

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49
Q

coronary circulation

A

blood vessels supplying the heart muscle

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50
Q

endocardium

A

the inside of the lining of the heart

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51
Q

endocardial

A

pertaining to the endocardium

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52
Q

epicardium

A

the outer layer of the heart wall

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53
Q

epicardial

A

pertaining to the epicardium

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54
Q

infarct

A

area of cell death resulting from an infarction

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55
Q

infarction

A

sudden blockage of an artery

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56
Q

ischemia

A

lack of blood supply to a tissue

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57
Q

ischemic

A

pertaining to or affected by the lack of blood supply to a tissue

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58
Q

myocardium

A

muscular layer of the heart

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59
Q

myocardial

A

pertaining to the heart muscle

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60
Q

necrosis

A

pathological death of cells or tissue

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61
Q

necrotic

A

pertaining to or affected by necrosis

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62
Q

pericardium

A

a double layer of membranes surrounding the heart

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63
Q

pericardial

A

pertaining to the pericardium

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64
Q

pulmonary

A

pertaining to the lungs and their blood supply

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65
Q

coron

A

crown, coronary

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65
Q

aort

A

aorta

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66
Q

circulat

A

circular route

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67
Q

endo

A

inside

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68
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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69
Q

epi-

A

upon, above

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70
Q

in

A

in

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71
Q

farct

A

area of death tissue

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72
Q

isch

A

to keep back

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73
Q

-emia

A

a blood condition

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74
Q

-emic

A

condition of the blood

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75
Q

my

A

muscle

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76
Q

-osis

A

condition

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77
Q

necr

A

death

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78
Q

-tic

A

pertaining to

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79
Q

peri

A

around

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80
Q

atrium

A

chamber where the blood enters the heart on both the right and the left sides

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81
Q

atrial

A

pertaining to the atrium

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82
Q

bicuspid

A

having two points; a bicuspid heart valve has two flaps

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83
Q

interatrial

A

between the atria of the heart

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84
Q

interventricular

A

between the ventricles of the heart

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85
Q

mitral

A

shaped like the headdress of a Catholic bishop

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86
Q

tricuspid

A

having three points; a tricuspid heart valve has three flaps

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87
Q

septum

A

a thin wall dividing two cavities

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88
Q

ventricle

A

chamber of the heart (pumps blood) or a cavity in the brain (produces cerebrospinal fluid)

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89
Q

atri

A

entrance, atrium

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90
Q

-id

A

having a particular quality

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91
Q

bi-

A

two

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92
Q

cusp

A

point

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93
Q

inter

A

between

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94
Q

ventricul

A

ventricle

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95
Q

tri

A

three

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96
Q

arrhythmia

A

condition when the heart rhythm is abnormal

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97
Q

atrivaentricular

A

pertaining to the atrium and the ventricle

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98
Q

bradycardia

A

condition of slow heart beat

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99
Q

diastole

A

dilation of heart cavities, during which they fill with bloof

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100
Q

diastolic

A

pertaining to diastole

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101
Q

dysrhythmia

A

an abnormal heart rhythm

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102
Q

nurmur

A

abnormal heart sound heard with a stethoscope when a valve closes or opens abnormally

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103
Q

sinoatrial (SA) node

A

the center of modified cardiac muscle fibers in the wall of the right atrium that acts as the pacemaker for the heart rhythm

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104
Q

sinus rhythm

A

the normal (optimal) heart rhythm arising from the sinoatrial node

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105
Q

systolic

A

pertaining to the systole

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106
Q

systole

A

contraction of the heart muscle

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107
Q

tachycardia

A

condition of rapid heart beat

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108
Q

-ia

A

condition

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109
Q

vital signals (VS)

A

a procedure i=during a physical examination in which temperature (T), pulse (P), respirations (R), and blood pressure (BP) are measured to assess general health and cardiorespiratory function

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110
Q

a

A

without

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111
Q

rrhythm

A

rhythm

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112
Q

brady

A

slow

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113
Q

diastol

A

diastole

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114
Q

dys

A

bad, difficult

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115
Q

sin

A

sinus

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116
Q

systol

A

systole, contraction

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117
Q

tachy

A

rapid

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118
Q

cardioversion

A

restoration of a normal heart rhythm by electric shock or medications

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119
Q

defibrillation

A

restoration of normal cardiac activity in life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias

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120
Q

defibrillator

A

instrument for defibrillation

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121
Q

fibrillation

A

uncontrolled quivering or twitching of the heart muscle

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122
Q

implantable

A

a device that can be inserted into tissues

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123
Q

pacemaker

A

device that regulates cardiac electrical activity

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124
Q

palpatation

A

forcible, rapid beat of the heart felt by the patient

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125
Q

de

A

from, out of

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126
Q

version

A

change

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127
Q

fibrill

A

small fiber

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128
Q

-ator

A

instrument

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129
Q

-able

A

capable

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130
Q

im

A

in

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131
Q

plant

A

insert

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132
Q

-maker

A

one who makes

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133
Q

pace

A

step

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134
Q

palpit

A

throb

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135
Q

cardiomegaly

A

enlargement of the heart

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136
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

disease of the heart muscle, the myocardium

137
Q

cor pumomale

A

right-sided heart failure arising from chronic lung disease

138
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation of the lining of the heart

139
Q

exudate

A

fluid that has passes out a tissue or capillaries as a result of inflammation or injury

140
Q

hypertrophy

A

increase in size, but not in number, of an individual tissue element

141
Q

incompetence

A

failure of a valve to close completely

142
Q

insufficiency

A

lack of completeness of function

143
Q

myocardiris

A

inflammation of the heart muscle

144
Q

pericarditis

A

inflammation of the pericardium, the covering of the heart

145
Q

prolapse

A

an organ slips out of its normal position

146
Q

prosthesis

A

a manufactured substitute for a missing or diseased part of the body

147
Q

prosthetic

A

pertaining to a prosthesis

148
Q

regurgitate

A

to flow backwards

149
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing of a canal or passage

150
Q

tamponade

A

pathologic compression of an organ, such as the heart

151
Q

megaly

A

enlargement

152
Q

-pathy

A

disease

153
Q

-ale

A

pertaining to

154
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

155
Q

-ate

A

pertaining to

156
Q

ex

A

out of

157
Q

sud

A

sweat

158
Q

hyper

A

above, excessive

159
Q

trophy

A

development

160
Q

-ence

A

quality of

161
Q

in

A

not

162
Q

compet

A

strive together

163
Q

-ency

A

quality of

164
Q

suffic

A

enough

165
Q

prosthet

A

artificial part

166
Q

re

A

back

166
Q

gurgit

A

flood

167
Q

-sis

A

abnormal condition

168
Q

sten

A

narrow

169
Q

-ade

A

a process

170
Q

tampon

A

plug

171
Q

anoxia

A

without oxygen

172
Q

anoxic

A

pertaining to or suffering from lack of oxygen

173
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of the arteries

174
Q

arteriosclerotic

A

pertaining to or affected by ateriosclerosis

175
Q

asystole

A

absence of contraction of the heart

176
Q

atheroma

A

fatty deposit in the lining of an artery

177
Q

atherectomy

A

surgical removal of the atheroma

178
Q

atherosclerosis

A

hardening of the arteries due to atheroma

179
Q

cardiogenic

A

of cardiac origin

180
Q

hypovolemia

A

decreased blood volume in the body

181
Q

hypovolemic

A

pertaining to a decreased blood volume in the body

182
Q

occlude

A

to close, plug, or completely obstruct

183
Q

occulusion

A

a complete obstruction

184
Q

substernal

A

under (behind) the sternum or breastbone

185
Q

an

A

without

185
Q

ox

A

oxygen

186
Q

-sis

A

abnormal condition

187
Q

arteri

A

artery

188
Q

scler

A

hardness

189
Q

-tic

A

pertaining to

190
Q

systol

A

contraction

191
Q

-oma

A

tumor, mass

192
Q

ather

A

porridge, gruel

193
Q

vol

A

volume

194
Q

sub

A

under

195
Q

hypo

A

below

196
Q

stern

A

chest

197
Q

coarctation

A

constriction, stenosis, particularly of the aorta

198
Q

congenital

A

present at birth, either inherited or due to an even during gestation up to the moment of birth

199
Q

cyanosis

A

blue discoloration of the skin, lips, and nail beds due to low oxygen

200
Q

hypertension

A

persistent high arterial blood pressure

201
Q

hypotension

A

persistent low arterial blood pressure

202
Q

idiopathic

A

pertaining to a disease of unknown etiology

203
Q

patent ductus ateriosus

A

an open, direct channel between the aorta and the pulmonary artery in the newborn

204
Q

syndrome

A

combination of signs and symptoms associated with a particular disease process

205
Q

tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)

A

set of four congenital heart defects occurring together

206
Q

coarct

A

press together, narrow

207
Q

con

A

together, with

208
Q

genit

A

bring forth

209
Q

cyan

A

dark blue

210
Q

tens

A

pressure

211
Q

idi

A

unknown

212
Q

path

A

disease

213
Q

patent

A

lie open

214
Q

ductus

A

leading

215
Q

arteriosus

A

artery

216
Q

syn

A

together

217
Q

drome

A

running

218
Q

tetra

A

four

219
Q

ablation

A

removal of a tissue to destroy its function

220
Q

angiogeam

A

radiograph obtained after injection of radiopaque contrast material into blood vessels

221
Q

angiography

A

radiography of blood vessels after injection of contrast material

222
Q

angioplasty

A

repair or unblocking of a blood vessel through surgery

223
Q

catheter

A

hollow tube to allow passage of fluid into or out of a body cavity, organ, or vessel

224
Q

catheterize

A

to introduce a catherter

225
Q

catherterization

A

introduction of a catheter

226
Q

echocardiography

A

ultrasound recording of heard function

227
Q

lipoprotein

A

bonding molecules of fat and protein

228
Q

percutaneous

A

passage through the skin, in this case, by needle puncture

229
Q

stent

A

wire-mesh tube used to keep arteries open

230
Q

thrombus

A

a clot attached to a diseased blood vessel or heart lining

231
Q

thrombolytic

A

able to dissolve or break up a blood clot

232
Q

thrombolysis

A

dissolving of a thrombus

233
Q

triglyceride

A

lipid containing three fatty acids

234
Q

ablat

A

take away

235
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

236
Q

-ize

A

action

237
Q

catheter

A

catheter

238
Q

-ization

A

process iof inserting

239
Q

ech

A

sound wave

240
Q

lip

A

fat

241
Q

protein

A

protein

242
Q

-ous

A

pertaining to

243
Q

per

A

through

244
Q

cutane

A

skin

245
Q

lytic

A

pertaining to destruction

246
Q

thromb

A

blood clot

247
Q

-lysis

A

dissolve

248
Q

-ide

A

having a particular quality

249
Q

tri

A

three

250
Q

glycer

A

sweet, glycerol

250
Q

angi

A

blood vessel

251
Q

antiarrhythmic

A

pertaining to restoring a normal cardiac rhythm

252
Q

anticoagulant

A

substance that prevents clotting

252
Q

chronotropic

A

affecting the rate of rhythmic movements

253
Q

diuretic

A

agent that increases uring output

253
Q

inotropic

A

affecting the contractility of cardiac muscle

253
Q

lipid

A

general term for fatty compounds

253
Q

pressor

A

producing increased blood pressure

254
Q

sublingual

A

underneath the tongue

254
Q

vasoconstrictor

A

agent that reduces the diameter of a blood vessel

254
Q

vasodilator

A

agent that increases the diameter of a blood vessels

254
Q

anti

A

aganisty

254
Q

rrhythm

A

rhythm

255
Q

ant

A

forming

255
Q

coagul

A

clump

255
Q

tropic

A

change

255
Q

chron

A

time

256
Q

di

A

through

256
Q

uret

A

urination

256
Q

ino

A

sinew

257
Q

sub

A

beneath

257
Q

lingu

A

tongue

258
Q

-or

A

that which does something

258
Q

vas

A

blood vessel

258
Q

constrict

A

narrow

259
Q

dilat

A

widen, open up

259
Q

artery

A

thick-walled blood vessel carrying oxygenated blood away from the heart

259
Q

cladudication

A

intermittent leg pain and limping

260
Q

doppler

A

diagnostic instrument that sends an ultrasonic beam into the body

260
Q

hemodynamics

A

the science of the blood flow through the circulation

260
Q

varix

A

dilated, tortuous vein

260
Q

varicose

A

characterized by or affected with varices

260
Q

vein

A

blood vessel carrying blood toward the heart

261
Q

venous

A

pertaining to a vein

262
Q

venogram

A

radiograph of veins after injection of radiopaque contrast material

263
Q

claudic

A

limping

264
Q

-ics

A

knowledge

265
Q

hem

A

blood

266
Q

dynam

A

power

267
Q

-ose

A

full of

268
Q

varic

A

varicosity; dilated, tortuous vein

269
Q

ven

A

vein

270
Q

arteriole

A

small terminal artery leading into the capillary network

271
Q

brachial

A

pertaining to the arm

272
Q

capillary

A

minute blood vessel between the arterial and venous systems

273
Q

diffuse

A

to disseminate or spread out

274
Q

homoestasis

A

maintaining the stability, or equilibrium, of a system or the body’s internal enviroment

275
Q

palpate

A

to examine with the fingers and hands

276
Q

palpation

A

examination with the fingers and hands

277
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

instrument for measuring arterial blood pressure

278
Q

stethoscope

A

instrument for listening to respiratory and cardiac sounds

279
Q

vena cava

A

one of the two largest veins in the body

280
Q

vanae cavae

A

the two largest veins in the body (superior and inferior vanae cavae)

281
Q

venule

A

small vein leading from the capillary network

282
Q

arteri

A

artery

283
Q

brachi

A

arm

284
Q

capill

A

hairlike structure

285
Q

home

A

the same

286
Q

sphygm

A

pulse

287
Q

palpat

A

touch, stroke

288
Q

-meter

A

instrument to measure

289
Q

-scope

A

instrument to examine

290
Q

steth

A

chest

291
Q

cava

A

cave

292
Q

-ule

A

small

293
Q

aneurysm

A

circumscribed dilation of an artery or cardiac chamber

294
Q

claudication

A

intermittent leg pain and limping

295
Q

collateral

A

situated at the side, often to bypass an obstruction

296
Q

edema

A

excessive accumulation of fluid in cells and tissues

297
Q

edematous

A

pertaining to or marked by edema

298
Q

pitting edema

A

edema that maintains indentations made by applying pressure to the area for a time

299
Q

embolus

A

detached piece of thrombus, a mass of bacteria, quantity of air, or foreign body that blocks a blood vessel

300
Q

peripheral

A

pertaining to the periphery or an external boundary

301
Q

phlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein

302
Q

thromboembolism

A

a piece of detached blood clot (embolus) blocking a distant blood vessel

303
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein with clot formation

304
Q

thrombus

A

a clot attached to a diseased blood vessel or heart lining

305
Q

thrombosis

A

formation of a thrombus

306
Q

claudic

A

limping

307
Q

col

A

before

308
Q

later

A

at the side

309
Q

-tous

A

pertaining to

310
Q

edema

A

swelling, edema

311
Q

peripher

A

outer part

312
Q

phleb

A

vein

313
Q

thromb

A

clot

314
Q

-ism

A

condition

315
Q

embol

A

plug

316
Q

-us

A

pertaining to

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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