Chapter 6 Flashcards
what is the main differences between ionic bonds and covalent bonds?
Ionic: occur when the valence electrons of atoms of a metal are transferred to atoms of nonmetals (ex.: NaCl sodium chloride)
Covalent: occur when atoms of nonmetals share valence electrons (ex.: H2O)
Why would Sodium be written with a positive charge and Oxygen with a negative two charge?
Sodium has one valence electron. Since we know metals lose electrons, it would lose its one valence electron, giving it a positive charge of +1.
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons. Since we know nonmetals gain electrons, it would need to gain 2 for an octet, giving it a negative charge of -2.
Write the symbol and name for the ion that has 7 protons and 10 electrons.
Write the symbol and name for the ion that has 20 protons and 18 electrons.
How many protons and electrons are in each of the following ions?
a. Sr2+
b. Cl−
Write the symbols and the name for the ions formed by potassium and sulfur.
Write the symbols for the ions, and the correct formula for the ionic compound formed when lithium and nitrogen react.
Write the symbols for the ions, and the correct formula for the ionic compound that would form when calcium and oxygen react.
Write the correct ionic formula for the compound formed between each of the following pairs of ions:
Name the compound:
what would be the name of this ionic compound that contains a transition metal?
There are 2 Cl molecules, which both have a negative 1 charge. You’d then decide that there would need to be a positive 2 charge to balance the formula. Thus leaving us with Copper (II) Chloride.
Antifouling paint contains which prevents the growth of barnacles and algae on the bottoms of boats. What is the name of this compound:
The compound has a total of 2 copper elements and 1 oxygen. Oxygen has a charge of 2- so in order to balance the equation the two copper elements would both need to have a positive charge of 1+ each, making it Copper (I) Oxide
Write the name for the compound with the formula:
Write the correct formula for chromium(III) oxide used in green chrome oxide pigment.
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need to memorize elements that exist as diatomic molecules
what should the range of the electronegativity difference be for a nonpolar covalent bond?
0.0 - 0.4
what should the range of the electronegativity difference be for a polar covalent bond?
0.5 - 2.0
what should the range of the electronegativity difference be for an ionic bond?
anything 2.0 or greater
Is the bond between H and Cl polar, nonpolar, or ionic? (use the E.N. chart the professor provides)
Is the bond between Na and F polar, nonpolar, or ionic? (use the E.N. chart the professor provides)
what is the VSEPR model or geometric shape for 2 atoms around 1 central atom? Name and degrees of angles?
Linear shape at 180 degrees apart
what is the VSEPR model or geometric shape for 3 atoms around 1 central atom? Name and degrees of angles?
Trigonal Planar shape at 120 degrees
what is the VSEPR model or geometric shape for 4 atoms around 1 central atom? Name and degrees of angles?
Tetrahedral shape at 109.5 degrees
Give the electronic geometry and molecular geometry for the following:
trigonal planar, bent
tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal
linear, linear
trigonal planar, trigonal planar
tetrahedral, bent
tetrahedral, tetrahedral
what condition is to be met for dipole-dipole forces?
dipole-dipole forces exist only between polar molecules
Ex: PCl3
