Chapter 6

Question 1

what is the main differences between ionic bonds and covalent bonds?

Answer 1

Ionic: occur when the valence electrons of atoms of a metal are transferred to atoms of nonmetals (ex.: NaCl sodium chloride)

Covalent: occur when atoms of nonmetals share valence electrons (ex.: H2O)

Question 2

Why would Sodium be written with a positive charge and Oxygen with a negative two charge?

Answer 2

Sodium has one valence electron. Since we know metals lose electrons, it would lose its one valence electron, giving it a positive charge of +1.
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons. Since we know nonmetals gain electrons, it would need to gain 2 for an octet, giving it a negative charge of -2.

Question 3

Write the symbol and name for the ion that has 7 protons and 10 electrons.

Answer 3

Question 4

Write the symbol and name for the ion that has 20 protons and 18 electrons.

Answer 4

Question 5

How many protons and electrons are in each of the following ions?

a. Sr2+
b. Cl−

Answer 5

Question 6

Write the symbols and the name for the ions formed by potassium and sulfur.

Answer 6

Question 7

Write the symbols for the ions, and the correct formula for the ionic compound formed when lithium and nitrogen react.

Answer 7

Question 8

Write the symbols for the ions, and the correct formula for the ionic compound that would form when calcium and oxygen react.

Answer 8

Question 9

Write the correct ionic formula for the compound formed between each of the following pairs of ions:

Answer 9

Question 10

Name the compound:

Answer 10

Question 11

what would be the name of this ionic compound that contains a transition metal?

Answer 11

There are 2 Cl molecules, which both have a negative 1 charge. You’d then decide that there would need to be a positive 2 charge to balance the formula. Thus leaving us with Copper (II) Chloride.

Question 12

Antifouling paint contains which prevents the growth of barnacles and algae on the bottoms of boats. What is the name of this compound:

Answer 12

The compound has a total of 2 copper elements and 1 oxygen. Oxygen has a charge of 2- so in order to balance the equation the two copper elements would both need to have a positive charge of 1+ each, making it Copper (I) Oxide

Question 13

Write the name for the compound with the formula:

Answer 13

Question 14

Write the correct formula for chromium(III) oxide used in green chrome oxide pigment.

Answer 14

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

T

Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

Answer 18

Question 19

Answer 19

Question 20

Answer 20

Question 21

what is the prefix for 1?

Answer 21

mono-

Question 22

what is the prefix for 2?

Answer 22

di-

Question 23

what is the prefix for 3?

Answer 23

tri-

Question 24

what is the prefix for 4?

Answer 24

tetra-

Question 25

what is the prefix for 5?

Answer 25

penta-

Question 26

what is the prefix for 6?

Answer 26

hexa-

Question 27

what is the prefix for 7?

Answer 27

hepta-

Question 28

what is the prefix for 8?

Answer 28

octa-

Question 29

what is the prefix for 9?

Answer 29

nona-

Question 30

what is the prefix for 10?

Answer 30

deca-

Question 31

Answer 31

Question 32

Answer 32

Question 33

need to memorize elements that exist as diatomic molecules

Question 34

Answer 34

Question 35

Answer 35

Question 36

Answer 36

Question 37

what should the range of the electronegativity difference be for a nonpolar covalent bond?

Answer 37

0.0 - 0.4

Question 38

what should the range of the electronegativity difference be for a polar covalent bond?

Answer 38

0.5 - 2.0

Question 39

what should the range of the electronegativity difference be for an ionic bond?

Answer 39

anything 2.0 or greater

Question 40

Is the bond between H and Cl polar, nonpolar, or ionic? (use the E.N. chart the professor provides)

Answer 40

Question 41

Is the bond between Na and F polar, nonpolar, or ionic? (use the E.N. chart the professor provides)

Answer 41

Question 42

what is the VSEPR model or geometric shape for 2 atoms around 1 central atom? Name and degrees of angles?

Answer 42

Linear shape at 180 degrees apart

Question 43

what is the VSEPR model or geometric shape for 3 atoms around 1 central atom? Name and degrees of angles?

Answer 43

Trigonal Planar shape at 120 degrees

Question 44

what is the VSEPR model or geometric shape for 4 atoms around 1 central atom? Name and degrees of angles?

Answer 44

Tetrahedral shape at 109.5 degrees

Question 45

Give the electronic geometry and molecular geometry for the following:

Answer 45

trigonal planar, bent tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal linear, linear trigonal planar, trigonal planar tetrahedral, bent tetrahedral, tetrahedral

Question 46

what two conditions need to be met to be considered a hydrogen bond?

Answer 46

1. need hydrogen connected by covalent bonds with either N, O, or F 2. need lone pars of electrons on N, O, or F Ex: HF

Question 47

what condition is to be met for dipole-dipole forces?

Answer 47

dipole-dipole forces exist only between polar molecules Ex: PCl3

Question 48

London dispersion forces occur...

Answer 48

only between nonpolar molecules