Chapter 6

Question 1

Case study

Answer 1

An in-depth analysis of an individual, social unit, event, or other phenomenon

Question 2

Qualitative case study

Answer 2

To examine an individual case in depth, within its real life context

Question 3

Quantitative case study

Answer 3

Researchers rely primarily on numerical assessments and analysis to describe an understand a case

Question 4

Mixed methods case study

Answer 4

Researchers rely substantially on both qualitative and quantitative data and analyses to explore a case

Question 5

Intrinsic case study

Answer 5

The case is examined in deaths due to some inherit interest in learning about that particular case

Question 6

Instrumental case study

Answer 6

A case is analyzed in depth because it is an example of, our otherwise provides information about, a broader phenomenan

Question 7

Collective case study

Answer 7

In which each of several cases is studied in depth for the purpose of learning about a broader phenomenon

Question 8

Single case study

Answer 8

Researchers analyze one case in depth

Question 9

Multiple case study design

Answer 9

Research examine two or more cases and perform an in-depth analysis of each case

Question 10

Semi structured interview

Answer 10

The researcher identifies in advance a set of topics or themes to be discussed with the interviewee, but the wait and sequence in which questions are asked remain flexible

Question 11

Focus group

Answer 11

A moderator leads a group of people through an interview and discussion of a set of topics

Question 12

Observer bias

Answer 12

Occurs when researchers have expectations or other predispositions that
Distort their observations

Question 13

Observational research

Answer 13

Encompasses different types of nonexperimental studies in which behavior is systematically watched and recorded

Question 14

Naturalistic observation

Answer 14

Researchers possibly observed behavior any natural setting

Question 15

Disguised versus undisguised observation

Answer 15

Based on whether the individuals being studied are aware that they are being observed

Question 16

Reactivity

Answer 16

Occurs when the process of observing or otherwise measuring behavior causes that behavior to change

Question 17

Participant observation

Answer 17

The observer becomes a part of the group or social setting being studied

Question 18

Ethnography

Answer 18

A qualitative research approach that often combines participants observations with interviews to gain an integrative description of social groups

Question 19

Structured observation

Answer 19

A researcher fully or partly figure is the setting in which behavior will be observed

Question 20

Behavioral coding systems

Answer 20

Involve classifying participants responses into mutually exclusive categories

Question 21

Observer rating and ranking scales

Answer 21

Used to evaluate participants behavior or other characteristics

Question 22

Diary

Answer 22

Asked participants to record their behaviors are experiences for defined periods of time or whenever certain events take place

Question 23

Interobserver reliability

Answer 23

Represents the degree to which independent observers show agreement in their observations

Question 24

Focal sampling

Answer 24

Used to select a particular member or unit such as a parent infant dyad who will be observed at any given time

Question 25

Scan sampling

Answer 25

Preselected times the observer rapidly scans each member of a group so that the entire group is observed within a relatively short period

Question 26

Situation sampling

Answer 26

Used to establish diverse settings in which behavior is observed

Question 27

Time sampling

Answer 27

Used to select a representative set of time periods during which observations will occur

Question 28

Blind observation

Answer 28

Observer should be kept unaware of all hypotheses being tested and any key information about participants that relates to those hypotheses

Question 29

Habituation

Answer 29

A decrease in the strength of response overtime to repeated stimulus

Question 30

Unobtrusive measure

Answer 30

Assess his behavior without making people aware that the behavior is being measured

Question 31

Physical trace measures

Answer 31

Which unobtrusively examine traces of behavior that people create or leave behind

Question 32

Archival records

Answer 32

Previously existing documents are other data that were produced independently of the current research