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BIO105 - Genetics > Chapter 5b - Notes > Flashcards

Chapter 5b - Notes Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

very important for initial binding of RNA pol

A

σ factor sigma

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2
Q

turn transcription off

A

silencer

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3
Q

Series of Events of Signal towards RNA polymerase (transcription on)

A
  • Enhancer
  • Activator
  • Coactivator
  • Basal Factors
  • RNA Polymerase
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4
Q

Series of Events of Signal towards RNA polymerase (transcription off)

A
  • Repressor
  • Silencer
  • Activator
  • Coactivator
  • Basal Factors
  • RNA Polymerase
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5
Q

Eukaryotic Promoter site

A
  • -25 TATA box (Goldberg–Hogness box)
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6
Q

What dissociates after RNA polymerase successfully binds to DNA strand

A

σ factor sigma

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7
Q
  • sequence of RNA in bacteria upstream of the terminator region which serves as a binding site for the protein known as rho factor
  • This sequence is necessary in rho-dependent termination of DNA transcription in bacteria
A

Rut- Rho utilization

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8
Q

Initiation Factors of Transcription in Eukaryotes

A
  1. TBP
    2.TF2D, TF2A, TF2B
  2. TF2E, TF2H, TF2F
  3. RNA Pol.
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9
Q

cut mRNA during transcription

A

CPF

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10
Q

how many poly As are added during tailing

A

100-200 residues

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11
Q

section of a DNA or RNA molecule that codes for a specific polypeptide in protein synthesis

A

cistron

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12
Q

mRNA that encodes several proteins and is characteristic of many bacterial and chloroplast mRNAs

A

Polycistronic mRNA

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13
Q

highly conserved sequence in the tRNA

A

CCA

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14
Q

Structure of tRNA

A
  1. Acceptor stem
  2. D-arm
  3. anticodon
  4. Anticodon arm
  5. Variable arm
  6. T-arm
  7. Discriminator base
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15
Q
  • The end of a tRNA molecule to which an amino acid becomes bound
  • It contains both the 5’ and 3’ ends of the tRNA
A

acceptor stem

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16
Q
  • recognition process is the primary purpose
  • serves as a recognition site for the enzyme aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.
A

D arm

17
Q

three-nucleotide sequence found on tRNA that binds to the corresponding mRNA sequence

A

anticodon

18
Q

site of the anticodon, which is complementary to the mRNA codon and determines which amino acids are carried

A

anticodon arm

19
Q

helps in stabilizing tRNA

A

variable arm

20
Q

specialized region on the tRNA molecule which acts as a special recognition site for the ribosome to form a tRNA-ribosome complex during protein biosynthesis or translation

A

T-arm

21
Q

natural purine nucleoside that commonly occurs in transfer RNAs in humans

A

Inosine

22
Q

ribonucleoprotein particle essential for the targeting of signal peptide-bearing proteins to the prokaryotic plasma membrane or the eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum membrane for secretion or membrane insertion.

A

signal recognition particle (SRP)

BIO105 - Genetics (19 decks)

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