Chapter 4b - Variations in Genome Structure (Changes in Chromosome Structure) Flashcards
1
Q
chromosomal aberrations
A
- alterations in number of genes
- alterations in location of genes
2
Q
alterations in number of genes
A
- deletions
- duplications
3
Q
alterations in location of genes
A
- inversions
- translocations
4
Q
- loss of chromosomal segment
- could be homozygous or heterozygous
A
deletions
5
Q
genetic effects of deletions
A
- lethal in homozygous and hemizygous condition
- reduced viability
- modified phenotypic ratio
- pseudodominance
6
Q
situation in which the inheritance of a recessive trait mimics a dominant pattern
A
Pseudodominance
7
Q
due to a deletion in the short arm of chromosome #5
A
Cri du chat syndrome
8
Q
chromosome 7 loses an end piece
A
Williams syndrome
9
Q
symptoms of people with Williams syndrome
A
- turned up nose
- wide mouth, small chin
- poor academic skills
- developed verbal and musical skills
10
Q
due to repeated portion in a chromosome due to unequal crossing oer or errors in replication
A
duplication
11
Q
genetic effects of duplications
A
gene redundancy
12
Q
- occur when parts of chromosomes become detached, turn thruogh 180 degrees and reinserted in such a way that the genes are in reversed order
- arise from chromosome entanglements and breakages during meiotic prophase; also from recombination between transposable elements
- cause linear rearrangement of genes in a chromosome
A
inversions
13
Q
two types of inversion
A
- pericentric inversion
- paracentric inversion
14
Q
inversion that is situated in a chromosome arm to one side off the centromere
A
paracentric inversion
15
Q
color pattern due to a large inversion on Equus caballus chromosome 3
A
tobiano color pattern
