Chapter 5 The Stucture Of Matter Flashcards
Chemical bonds
The attractive force that brings atoms and ions together
Chemical structure
Arrangement of atoms in a certain substance
Bond length
The average disentangle between the nuclei of two bonded atoms
Bond angle
The angle formed by two bond of the same atom
Ionic bonds
A bond formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions
Metallic bond
A bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them
Covalent bond
A bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
Polyatomic Ions
An ion made of two or more atoms
Empirical formula
The composition of a compound in terms of the relative numbers and kinds of atoms in the simplest ratio
Molecular formula
A chemical formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule, but not the arrangement of atoms
Organic compound
A covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonated and oxides
Polymer
Large molecule that is more formed by more than five monomers or small units
Carbohydrate
Any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides nutrients s to the cells of living things.
Protein
An organic compound that is made of one or more changing of amino acids and that is a principle component of all cells
Amino acid
Any one of 20 different organic levies that contain a carboxyl and an amino group and that combine to form proteins
Hydrocarbon
A compound made of only carbon and hydrogen atoms
Normal alkane
When carbon atoms line up in a row
Condensed Structural formulas
Show how atoms bond
Hydrogen bond
The attraction of an oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of a neighboring water molecule
Formula unit
Ratio of ion and ion compounds
Nonpolar covalent bonds
Electrons are shared equally between atoms
Polar covalent bonds
An unequal sharing of electrons
Alkenes
Hydrocarbons have at least one double covalent bond between carbon atoms
DNA
Determine general makeup made of organic molecules containing carbon hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus
In the form of paired chains, shape of twisted ladder
