Chapter 4 Atoms and the Periodic Table

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

The very center of an atom that is really small and dense and has a positive charge

Question 2

Proton

Answer 2

Positive charged particles

Question 3

Neutron

Answer 3

Neutral charge

Question 4

Electron

Answer 4

Negative charged particle

Question 5

Orbital

Answer 5

Part of an atom where the electrons are most likely to be found

Question 6

Valence electrons

Answer 6

Electron that is found on the outermost energy level part of an atom

Question 7

Periodic law

Answer 7

States that when element are put not a certain order, the similarities in their properties will begin to form into a regular pattern

Question 8

Period

Answer 8

Each individual horizontal row that occurs on the periodic table

Question 9

Group

Answer 9

Vertical lines that are on the periodic table

Question 10

Ion

Answer 10

An atom or group of atoms that either lose or gain more electrons and have a negative or positive charge

Question 11

Atomic number

Answer 11

Indicates how many protons are in a single atom

Question 12

Mass number

Answer 12

Protons and neutrons added together

Question 13

Isotope

Answer 13

An atom of the same elements with a different number of neutrons but the same number of protons

Question 14

Atomic mass unit (amu)

Answer 14

Unit used to describe the mass of an atom or molecule

Question 15

Average atomic mass

Answer 15

The average weight of an element

Question 16

Metal

Answer 16

Shiny solids that are stretched and shaped on the periodic table

Question 17

Nonmetal

Answer 17

Found on the right side of the periodic table and can be a solid liquid or gas

Question 18

Semiconductor

Answer 18

Metalloids

Question 19

Alkali metal

Answer 19

Soft, shiny and react violently with water; found in Group 1

Question 20

Alkaline-Earth Metal

Answer 20

Elements with 2 valence electrons

Question 21

Transition metal

Answer 21

Metals that lose electrons to form positive ions

Question 22

Halogen

Answer 22

Found in a Group 17 on periodic table

Question 23

Noble gas

Answer 23

Found in Group 18 on the periodic table and are unreactive

Question 24

Mole

Answer 24

Collection of a very large number of particles

Question 25

Avoagdro’s constant

Answer 25

6.002*10^23/mol. The number of particles in one mole

Question 26

Molar mass

Answer 26

Mass in grams of one mole in a substance

Question 27

Conversion factor

Answer 27

A ratio used to convert one unit to another