Chapter 5: States of Consciousness

Question 1

dualism

Answer 1

the universe consists of thought and matter and one is not the other

Question 2

monism

Answer 2

monists believe everything is the same and that thougth and matter are different aspects of the same substance

Question 3

mere-exposure effect

Answer 3

simply by being exposed to something, we prefer it over an entirely new stimulus

Question 4

priming

Answer 4

participantes respond more quickly and accurately to questions they have seen before

Question 5

blind sight

Answer 5

blind people can sometimes avoid obstacles or grasp things they are unable to see

Question 6

levels of consicousness:

Answer 6

conscious, unconscious, preconscious, subconscious, nonconscious

Question 7

conscious

Answer 7

information you are currently aware of; words and meanings

Question 8

preconscious

Answer 8

things you are not currently thinking about but could begin thinking about at any moment; recall

Question 9

nonconscious

Answer 9

body process like heartbeat or respiration or digestion that you are not usually/ever aware of

Question 10

subconscious

Answer 10

information we are not aware of but can infer exists through behavior

Question 11

unconscious

Answer 11

level that represses memories and hurtful things to protect the conscious mind

Question 12

sleep onset

Answer 12

period where we are falling asleep

Question 13

drowsy but awake brain waves

Answer 13

alpha waves

Question 14

stage 1

Answer 14

theta waves, falling asleep

Question 15

stage 2

Answer 15

sleep spindles; short bursts of rapid brain waves

Question 16

stages 3/4

Answer 16

delta/slow wave sleep; replenishes the body’s chemical supply, like growht hormone/immune system stuff

Question 17

REM sleep

Answer 17

go through stages 1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 2, and right before we go into stage 1 we enter REM.

Question 18

insomnia

Answer 18

unable to fall asleep

Question 19

narcolepsy

Answer 19

periods of intense sleepiness, can fall into REM at any time

Question 20

night terrors

Answer 20

occur in stage 4 sleep early in the night

Question 21

posthypnotic amnesia

Answer 21

people forget events that occur while they were hypnotized

Question 22

posthypnotic suggestion

Answer 22

something that the hypnotized individual should do when they are taken out of hypnosis;

Question 23

role theory

Answer 23

suggests that people play good subjects and allow themselves to be ‘affected’ by hypnotism

Question 24

hypnotic suggestibility

Answer 24

people that are more able to be hypnotized; rich fantasy lives, follow directions well, and are able to focus intensely on a single task for a long period of time

Question 25

state theory

Answer 25

researchers argue that hypnotism meets the criteria for an altered state of consciousness, suggest that we become more/less aware of our environments

Question 26

Ernest Hilgard

Answer 26

created dissociation theory

Question 27

dissociation theory

Answer 27

proposed the idea that we become split in our consciousness and one part pays attention to the hypnotist while the other part pays attention to our surroundings; people can feel an ice bath and pain, but not intense pain