Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Radiography Fall 2015(2nd Year) > Chapter 5 Radiation Protection > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Radiation Protection Flashcards

1
Q

An instrument that reads film from badge. It is used to measure the optical density, the intensity of light transmitted through a given area of the dosimetry film, and compares it with the intensity of light incident on the anterior side of film.

A

Densitometer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sent by monitoring company– serves as a basis for comparison with the remaining film badges after they have been returned to the monitoring company for processing

A

Control Badge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does a film badge record?

A

Whole body radiation exposures accumulated at a low rate over a long period of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 3 parts of the film badge?

A
  • durable lightweight plastic film holder
  • assortment of metal filters
  • film packet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sensitivity range of the film badge?

A

0.1 mSv (10 rem) to as high as 5000 mSv (500 rem)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the main advantage of the film badge?

A

It’s cheap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of radiation does the film badge monitor?

A

low energy x-radiation, gamma radiation, and beta radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the disadvantage of the film badge?

A

Temperature and humidity extremes can cause fogging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the most common type of personnel monitoring device that replaced the film badge?

A

Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of detector is used in OSL?

A

aluminum oxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is an OSL read out?

A

Laser light at selected frequencies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the three types of filters used in an OSL?

A
  • Aluminum
  • Tin
  • Copper
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What’s the sensitivity range for the OSL?

A

1mrem for x-rays and gamma ray photons with energies ranging from 5KeV to greater than 40 MeV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the most sensitive type of personnel dosimeter?

A

Pocket Ionization Chamber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do pocket ionization chambers required to have with it?

A

special charging unit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the sensitivity range of pocket ionization chambers?

A

0 to 5.2x10^-5 C/kg (0-200mR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the advantage of using a pocket ionization chamber?

A

It provides an immediate exposure read out for worker whos work in high exposure areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the disadvantage of using a pocket ionization chamber?

A

If it is not read each day it may give inaccurate reading because electrical charge tends to escape with time and give false readings and jarring and shock could discharge it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is contained in the Thermoluminescnt Dosimeter(TLD)

A

Crystalline a form (powder or small chips) of lithium fluoride

20
Q

How is TLD read out?

A

Passing crystals through special heating process

21
Q

What intensity of light is proportional to in TLD?

A

The amount of radiation that has interacted with crystals

22
Q

What’s the advantages of a Themoluminescnt Dosimeter?

A

Over the film badge is that the crystals interact with ionizing radiation as human tissue does making it more accurate

23
Q

What are the disadvantages of using a Thermoluminescnt Dosimeter?

A

The high cost, can only be read once, the readout process destroys the stored information

24
Q

When is personnel exposure monitoring required?

A

Whenever radiation workers are likely to risk receiving 10% or more of the annual occupational EfD limit of 50 mSv (5mrem)

25
Q

What does personnel dosimeter determine?

A

Occupational exposure by detecting and measuring the quantity of ionizing radiation to which the dosimeter has been exposed over a period of time

26
Q

Where is the personnel dosimeter to be worn at?

A

Front of the body at collar level

27
Q

What procedures produce the highest occupational dose?

A

fluoroscopy and special procedures

28
Q

How much more dose the unprotected parts of the head area vs parts under the lead apron

A

10-20xs

29
Q

When is an extremity dosimeter recommended?

A

by imaging professionals performing fluoro procedures that require the hands near the primary x-ray beam

30
Q

Where should an extremity dosimeter be worn at?

A

finger

31
Q

When might you be required to wear2 monitoring devices?

A

during special computed radiography, digital radiography, or conventional radiographic procedures
or if you’re pregnant

32
Q

Where should the 2 monitoring devices be worn at?

A
  • first at collar (primary) outside the lead

- 2nd beneath wrap in the trunk area or at abdomen under the lead

33
Q

What characteristics must personnel dosimeter posses?

A
  • lightweight and easy to carry
  • made of materials durable enough to tolerate normal daily use
  • has to be able to detect both small and large exposure inconsistent timely manner
34
Q

How penetrating radiations and soft scatter radiations will appear different on a film badge

A

Penetrating radiations cast faint shadow on film and soft radiations(scatter) shows more pronounced image

35
Q

On the filter of the film badge how it appears when exposure is from excessive amounts of scatter?

A

fuzzy image from scatter of different angles

36
Q

ON the filter of the film badge how it appears when exposure is from single exposure from primary beam?

A

sharply defined beam

37
Q

Know why a control badge should always have a zero reading

A

It is to be kept in a radiation free area within imaging facility

38
Q

What is included on a personnel monitoring report/

A

Personal data, type of dosimeter, radiation quality, equivalent dose data, cumulative equivalent doses, and inception date

39
Q

What does the letter M signify on a personnel monitoring report?

A

An equivalent dose below the minimum measurable radiation quantity was recorded during that time

40
Q

Who receives and reviews the personnel monitoring reports?

A

Radiation Safety Officer

41
Q

What filter in an OSL absorbs the leas?

A

Aluminum

42
Q

Which filter is an OSL attenuates the most?

A

copper

43
Q

Know which type of pocket ionization chamber is the most common

A

self reading

44
Q

Know where each electrode 9positive and negative) is located on pocket ionization chamber

A
  • positive charged (central electrode)

- negatively charged (outer electrode)

45
Q

What is the function of the material contained within the TLD?

A
  • Sensing material of the TLD

- Radiation causes that LiF crystals to undergo charges in some of their physical properties

Radiography Fall 2015(2nd Year) (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions