Chapter 5: Organ Systems Flashcards
Organ
Group of several tissue types that performs a special function.
Organ System
A group of organs that together perform a more complex function than does one organ.
Integumentary System
Organs: Skin, nails, hair, sense, receptors, sweat glands, and oil glands.
Function: Separates internal environment from external environment (protection).
Skeletal System
Organs: Bones and ligaments (joints).
Function: Support, movement, storage of minerals, and blood formation.
Muscular System
Organs: Muscles
Function: Powers and directs skeletal movement, stabilizes the skeleton to maintain posture. Generates heat.
Nervous System
Organs: Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory glands.
Function: Communication, integration, control, and recognition of sensory stimuli.
Endocrine System
Organs: Pituitary gland, pineal gland, hypothalamus, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries (females), and testes (male).
Function: Secretion of hormones, communication, integration, and control.
Circulatory System
Organs: Heart and blood vessels.
Functions: Transports nutrients, water, oxygen, hormones, wastes, and other materials within the internal environment (Transportation, regulation of body temperature, and immunity (body’s defense).
Lymphatic System
Organs: Lymph nodes, lymph vessels, thymus, spleen, tonsils, and other lymphoid organs.
Functions: Transportation, and immunity.
Urinary System
Organs: Kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
Functions: Elimination of wastes, electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, and water balance.
Digestive System
Organs: Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus, teeth, salivary glands, tongue, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and appendix.
Functions: Digestion of food, and absorption of nutrients.
Respiratory System
Organs: Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
Functions: Exchange of gases in the lungs, and regulation of acid-base balance.
Reproduction System
Organs: Male-testes, vas deferens, urethra, prostate, penis, and scrotum / females- ovaries, uterus, uterine (fallopian) tubes, vagina, vulva, and mammary glands of breasts.
Functions: Survival of species, production of sex cells, fertilization, development, birth, nourishment of offspring, production of hormones.
Aorta (artery)
The largest artery in the body.
Superior Vena Cava (Vein)
The largest vein in the body.
