Chapter 2: Chemistry Of Life

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Central core of an atom composed of positively charged protons and uncharged neutrons.

Question 2

Atoms

Answer 2

The smallest unit of matter in the body. Composed of several kinds of subatomic particles: protons, electrons, and neutrons.

Question 3

Ionic Bonds

Answer 3

Chemical bond formed by the positive-negative attraction between two ions.

Question 4

Colvalent Bonds

Answer 4

When atoms share electrons.

Question 5

Hydrogen Bonds

Answer 5

A kind of weak attraction that helps hold your body’s substance together.

Question 6

Inorganic Compound

Answer 6

Compound whose molecules do not contain carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds.

Molecules: water, some acids, bases and salts.

Question 7

Organic Compound

Answer 7

Compound whose large molecules contain carbon and include carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds and/or carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds.

Major Types: Carbohydrates, lipids, protein and nucleic acid.

Question 8

PH Scale

Answer 8

Acidic is less than 7 and has a High H*

Basic is more than 7 and has a Low H*

Question 9

Aqueous Solution

Answer 9

Water plus common salt.

Question 10

Water

Answer 10

Compound most essential to life.

Question 11

ATP

Answer 11

Yields energy for muscle contraction.

Question 12

Base

Answer 12

Alkaline compound.

Question 13

Solvent

Answer 13

Dissolves solutes.

Question 14

PH

Answer 14

A measure of the H* concentration.

Question 15

Dehydration Synthesis

Answer 15

Reactants combine only after H and O atoms are removed.

Question 16

Inorganic

Answer 16

A type of compound.

Question 17

Weak Acid

Answer 17

Dissociates very little.

Question 18

Hydrolysis

Answer 18

The reverse of dehydration synthesis.

Question 19

Strong Acid

Answer 19

Easily dissociates to form H* ions.

Question 20

Reactants

Answer 20

Combine to form a larger product.

Question 21

Cabohydrate

Answer 21

Monosaccharide, glycogen, and sucrose.

Also contains carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O).

Question 22

Lipid

Answer 22

Triglyceride (only 1 fatty acid and oil), cholesterol, and phospholipid (multiple fatty acids and oils).

Fats and Oils

Question 23

Proteins

Answer 23

Amino acid, and contains C,O,H and N.

Question 24

Nucleic Acid

Answer 24

DNA, and RNA.

Question 25

Two Organs

Answer 25

Kidney and Lungs: Help maintain the proper PH level of body fluids.