Chapter 5 Neck power point Flashcards
Organs of the neck
Pharynx
Larynx
Esophagus &
Trachea
Salivary Glands
Thyroid Gland
Lymph nodes
Parts of PHARYNX
NASOPHARYNX
OROPHARYNX
LARYNGOPHARYNX
Parts of Larynx
Boney skeleton
9 cartilages
Voice box
LARYNX CARTILAGES
Thyroid(1)–biggest part, adams apple
Epiglottis(1)–tear shaped, opens/closes, attach to thyroid
Arytenoids(2)–small, horn shaped
Corniculate(2)–small, horned shaped
Cuneiform(2)
Cricoid(1)–ring around larynx, bigger in back
LARYNX INNER STRUCTURES
•Vestibular folds (false vocal cords) •
True vocal cords–abduct(open)/adduct(closed)
Glottis–sound production
Aryepiglottic folds–contain cuneiform
ESOPHAGUS
between trachea and anterior longitudinal ligament
expands/contracts to swallow
TRACHEA
C-shaped cartilages bifurcates at carina
GLANDS OF THE NECK
Salivary
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Glands of Salivary
a. Parotid–biggest gland, on side of mandible by ear
b. Submandibular–under mandible
c. Sublingual–under tongue
THYROID
Endocrine gland @level of cricoid cartilage
excretes hormones for growth
2 of them
PARATHYROID
located on the posterior surface of the thyroid
4 of them
LYMPH NODES
One third of the body’s total lymph system
behind sternocleidomastoid muscle, lower border of jaw up to ears
filter bad pathogens
MUSCLES OF PHARYNGEAL
a. Constrictor muscles–swallowing
b. Longitudinal (internal) muscles–elevate pharynx and larynx
c. Tongue (extrinsic) muscles
LARYNGEAL(muscle of neck)
Control position and tension of vocal folds and divided into 2 groups:
- acting on false vocal cords,
- acting on true vocal
Constrictor muscles
constrict pharynx and induce peristaltic waves during swallowing.
Longitudinal (internal) muscles
elevate larynx and pharynx during swallowing and speaking.
Tongue (extrinsic) muscles
change the position of the tongue.
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR TRIANGLE
Everything anteromedial to the sternocleidmastoid.
a. hyoid bone
b. Suprahyoid muscle
c. Infrahyoid muscle
MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR TRIANGLE
Everything posterior of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
a. Trapezius Muscle–elevates scapula
b. Splenium Capitus Muscle–spine to head
c. Levator Scapulae Muscle
d. Scalene Muscle Group–elevates ribs
VASCULAR STRUCTURES OF THE NECK
Carotid arteries
VERTEBRAL ARTERIES
JUGULAR VEINS
VERTEBRAL VEINS
Carotid arteries
- Right common carotid
- Left common carotid
- Internal carotid–becomes part of circle of willis
- External carotid
Jugular Veins
Internal Jugular veins–dural sinuses drain to it
External Jugular veins
Anterior Jugular veins
VERTEBRAL VEINS
- Descend with in the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebra along with the Vertebral Arteries
- Drain the cervical spinal cord and posterior surface of the skull
Extends from clivus to soft palate
contains uvula
NASOPHARYNX
Extends from soft palate to hyoid bone
contains valleculae(pouch where food gets stuck)
OROPHARYNX
Lies between the Hyoid bone and the entrance to the Larynx
contains piriform sinuses
LARYNGOPHARYNX
Form basilar artery, basilar artery becomes posterior cerebral, begins as branch of subclavian and comes through foraman magnum
vertebral ateries
from mastoid down to sternum, separates triangles, flex head and side-to-side
sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM)
