Chapter 5 - Integumentary System Flashcards
forms the boundary
between the body and the external environment,
integumentary system
major functions of the integumentary system (5)
- Protection
- Sensation
- Temperature regulation
- Vitamin D production
- Excretion
The skin is made up of two major tissue layers:
epidermis
dermis
the superficial layer of the skin, consisting of stratified
squamous epithelial tissue
epidermis
Function of epidermis’ multiple layers
resists abrasion on the skin’s surface and reduces water loss through the skin
a layer of connective tissue
dermis
responsible for most of the strength of the skin.
e structure of the dermis
produced from the hide (skin) of
an animal by removing the epidermis and preserving the dermis in a process called tanning
leather
a layer of loose connective tissue
subcutaneous tissue, or hypodermis
not part of the skin or the integumentary
system, but it does connect the skin to underlying muscle or bone.
subcutaneous tissue, or hypodermis
contains no blood vessels
epidermis
what separates epidermis from dermis?
basement membrane
The living cells of the epidermis receive nutrients and excrete waste products through what?
Diffusion (of substances between the epidermis and
the capillaries of the dermis)
Most cells of the epidermis are called
keratinocytes
produce a protein mixture called keratin
keratinocytes (makes the cells more durable)
give the epidermis its ability to resist abrasion and
reduce water loss
keratinocytes
Other cells of the epidermis (3)
melanocytes
Langerhans cells
Merkel cells
produce the pigment melanin, which contributes to skin color
melanocytes
are part of the immune system
Langerhans cells
are specialized epidermal cells associated with
the nerve endings responsible for detecting light touch and superficial pressure
Merkel cells
When are new keratinocytes produced?
when keratinocyte stem cells undergo mitosis in the deepest layer of the epidermis.
process of where the cells eventually die and produce an
outer layer of dead, hard cells that resists abrasion and forms a permeability barrier
keratinization
many layers of cells in the epidermis are divided
into regions, or
strata
Five strata of the epidermis:
stratum basale
stratum spinosum
stratum granulosum
stratum lucidum
stratum corneum