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Biology - GCSE > Chapter 5 - Communicable Diseases > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Communicable Diseases Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a pathogen

A

a microorganism that causes disease

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2
Q

how do viruses spread

A

coughing/sneezing on someone, salvia and other bodily fluids

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3
Q

how do protists spread

A

direct contact by protist

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4
Q

how do fungi spread

A

grow, some use insects

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5
Q

how do bacterium spread

A

bodily fluids, physical contact

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6
Q

how do pathogenic bacteria cause damage in the body

A

produces toxins that damage health cells

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7
Q

how do pathogenic virus cause damage in the body

A

replicates within cells causing them the cells to damage

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8
Q

how can viral diseases be prevented

A

use tissue when sneezing

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9
Q

how can bacterial diseases be prevented

A

washing hands

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10
Q

how can protists diseases be prevented

A

mosquito nets, destroy insect habitats

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11
Q

how can fungi diseases be prevented

A

hand washing, no shared towels

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12
Q

What kind of disease is measles

A

viral

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13
Q

how is measles spread

A

droplets from sneezing and coughing

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14
Q

how can measles effect a persons health

A

could kill them

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15
Q

how can measles be prevented

A

vaccination

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16
Q

what kind of a disease is HIV

A

Viral

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17
Q

how is HIV spread

A

sexual contact, needle exchange

18
Q

how does HIV effect a person

A

white blood cells are damaged

19
Q

How can HIV be prevented

A

antiretroviral drugs when infected

20
Q

What kind of disease is tobacco mosaic virus

A

viral

21
Q

how is tobacco mosaic virus spread

A

direct contact

22
Q

how can tobacco mosaic virus effect a plant

A

mottling of leaves, reduces photosynthesis

23
Q

what kind of disease is gonorrhoea

A

bacterial

24
Q

how is gonorrhoea spread

A

sexual contact

25
Q

how does gonorrhoea effect the body

A

discharge from penis/vagina, pain when urinating

26
Q

how is gonorrhoea prevented

A

controlled by antibiotics, spread prevented with condoms

27
Q

what kind of disease is salmonella

A

bacterial

28
Q

how is salmonella spread

A

infected food

29
Q

how does salmonella effect the body

A

fever, vomiting, diarrhoea

30
Q

how is salmonella prevented

A

vaccination of poultry

31
Q

What kind of disease is rose black spot

A

fungi

32
Q

How is rose black spot spread

A

spores carried by water and wind

33
Q

how does rose black spot effect plants

A

leaves turns yellow, fall early, photosynthesis reduced

34
Q

how is rose black spot prevented

A

treated by fungicides, or destroying effected leaves

35
Q

What type of disease is malaria

A

protist

36
Q

how is malaria spread

A

by a vector - mosquito

37
Q

what are the effects of malaria

A

fever, can be fatal

38
Q

how is malaria prevented

A

preventing mosquitoes reproducing, using mosquito nets

39
Q

what defence towards pathogens are in the nose

A

contains hairs and mucus to trap pathogens

40
Q

what defence towards pathogens are in the skin

A

a physical barrier to pathogens

41
Q

what defence towards pathogens are in the stomach

A

contains hydrochloric acid to destroy pathogens

42
Q

what defence towards pathogens are in the trachea and bronchi

A

produces mucus to trap pathogens, contains cilia to move mucus for swallowing

Biology - GCSE (20 decks)

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