Chapter 3 - Digestive System

Question 1

Put these in order:

Nucleus, body, organ, cell tissue, organ system

Answer 1

Nucleus
Cell tissue
Organ
Organ system
Body

Question 2

What order does the digestive system travel starting from the top

Answer 2

Mouth
Oesophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus

Question 3

what is the digestive system

Answer 3

a process that converts food to energy and gets rid of waste

Question 4

what is a catalyst

Answer 4

something that speeds up reaction

Question 5

what is an enzyme

Answer 5

a protein that speeds up chemical reaction

Question 6

what is the equation for the rate of reaction

Answer 6

                            time taken

Question 7

what is an active site

Answer 7

a part on an enzyme that the substrate can fit into

Question 8

what are amino acids

Answer 8

The building blocks that make up a protein molecule.

Question 9

how can PH affect an enzyme

Answer 9

every enzyme has a specific optimum PH so if the PH isn’t met then the enzyme denatures

Question 10

what is the optimum PH of an enzyme in the small intestine

Answer 10

7.5

Question 11

what is the optimum PH of an enzyme in the stomach

Answer 11

2

Question 12

How does the temperature affect an enzyme

Answer 12

an enzyme has an optimum temperature but when they get too hot, they denature

Question 13

what is glucose

Answer 13

A simple sugar used by cells for respiration.

Question 14

what is glycerol

Answer 14

A soluble carbohydrate which is converted into glucose by the liver

Question 15

what is glycogen

Answer 15

The storage form of glucose in animal cells

Question 16

what is the haemoglobin

Answer 16

The red protein found in red blood cells that transports oxygen round the body

Question 17

what is a substrate

Answer 17

A substance on which enzymes act

Question 18

what enzyme breaks down lipids

Answer 18

lipase

Question 19

what enzyme breaks down carbohydrates

Answer 19

carbohydrase

Question 20

what enzyme breaks down proteins

Answer 20

protease

Question 21

where are carbohydrase’s produced

Answer 21

in saliva, pancreas and small intestine

Question 22

where are protease’s produced

Answer 22

stomach, pancreas and small intestine

Question 23

where are lipase’s produced

Answer 23

pancreas and small intestine

Question 24

what reaction does carbohydrase speed up

Answer 24

starch -> sugar

Question 25

what reaction does protease speed up

Answer 25

protein -> amino acids

Question 26

what reaction does lipase

Answer 26

fat -> fatty acids + glycerol

Question 27

how do sugars and amino acids pass into the bloodstream

Answer 27

diffusion

Question 28

what alkaline substance is released into the blood stream to raise food PH

Answer 28

bile

Question 29

where is bile produced

Answer 29

liver

Question 30

where is bile stored

Answer 30

gall bladder

Question 31

where is bile produced

Answer 31

small intestine

Question 32

what does the bile also help the break down of and where

Answer 32

lipids in the small intestine

Question 33

why is it important that bile helps the break down of lipids in the small intestine

Answer 33

because it provides a larger surface area in which the lipases can work