Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Physiolgy > Chapter 5 - Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Blood and lymphatic vessel layers

A

Tunica Intima
Tunica media
Tunica adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Tunica intima

A

Innermost layer of blood vessels or lymphatic vessel; consists of endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Tunica media

A

Middle layer; smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tunica adventitia

A

Outermost fibrous layer; consists of connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Precapillary sphincter

A

A band of smooth muscle that adjusts blood flow into capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sphincter

A

A cylindrical Muscle that normally maintains constriction of a normal body passage or office and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Arteries

A

Carry blood away from heart to tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Veins

A

Carry blood toward heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Blood flow

A

Heart - arteries- arterioles (smaller arteries) - capillaries- venules (small veins) veins- heart - arteries etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Components of blood

A
  1. Blood plasma (liquid matirx)

2. Formed elements (cells and fragments)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Formed elements

A
  1. Red blood cells
  2. White blood cells
  3. Platelets - cell fragments involved in blood clotting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Red blood cells

A

RBCs, erythrocytes, red corpuscle
Produced by red bone marrow, live for 3 months
Contain hemoglobin, a protein in blood cells that transports oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

White blood cells

A

WBCs, leukocytes, white corpuscles

Immune funcitions - recognize and destroy invaders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

platelets

A

Cell fragments involved in blood clotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hemostasis

A

The process of stoppage of bleeding1. Vascular spasm - tunica media (smooth muscles contracts immediately)2. Platelet plug - platelets stick to damaged vessel walls:platelet plug- release serotonin to maintain contraction of smooth muscle. 3. Clot formation - fibrin and platelets from temporary clot and allows permanent clot repair to occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hepatocytes

A

Forms plasma proteins; remain in the blood and have various functions ie FIBRIN; with platelets forms a temporary clot and allows permanent repair to take place

17
Q

Serum

A

The component that contains neither blood cells nor clotting factors but includes all proteins and other substances not used in blood clotting

18
Q

Blood disorders

A

Hemophilia, thrombus, embolus, aneurysm, anemia cyanosis

19
Q

Hemophilia

A

Inherited disorder of blood coagulation (clotting) characterized by a permanent tendency to hemorrhage (bleed), spontaneous or traumatic, due to a defect in the blood coagulating mechanism

20
Q

Coagulation

A

Clotting

21
Q

hemorrhage

A

Bleed

22
Q

Thrombus

A

A fibrin clot that forms in and can obstruct a blood vessel or that forms in one of the chambers of the heart

23
Q

Embolus

A

A dislodged thrombus, clump of tissue, glass bubble, fat globule etc that has lodged in a blood vessel and is obstructing it

24
Q

Aneurysm

A

A sac like enlargement of a blood vessel caused by a weakening of its wall. When it pops it bleeds.

25
Q

Anemia

A

Any condition in which the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood is reduced, thereby reducing the oxygen carry capacity of the blood. Manifested by pallor(paleness) of skin and membranes, shortness of breath and lathargy

26
Q

pallor

A

Paleness

27
Q

Cyanosis

A

A bluish hue to the skin, gums, fingernails or mucous membranes caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood. When blood is oxygenation (bright red) when lacks oxygen supply (dark purple or bluish red). In dark skinned people easier to see in mucus membranes (lips, gums, around eyes) and nails.

28
Q

Lymphatic system

A

Consists of lymphatic vessels, nodes, and associated tissue

  1. Transports lipids (fats) &lipid soluble vitamins(A,D,E,K)absorbed by the GI tract to the blood
  2. Resistance to disease (immune system)
  3. Empties excess interstitial fluid (fluid surrounding cells) into the veins of the superior thorax(chest)
29
Q

Lipids

A

Fats

30
Q

Interstitial fluid

A

Fluid surrounding cells. Become lymph when it enters a lymph capillary (microscopic vessel). The lymph then travels to at least one lymph node where white blood cells protect the body from invaders

31
Q

Thorax

A

Chest

32
Q

Edema

A

An accumulation of an excessive amount of interstitial fluid, can result from blockage of lymphatic vessels.

33
Q

Superficial lymph nodes are found in the;

A
  1. Cervical region (neck)
  2. Axillary region (armpit)
  3. Inguinal region (groin)

Anatomy and Physiolgy (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions