Chapter 10- The Urinary System

Question 1

Parts of the urinary system

Answer 1

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

Question 2

Kidneys

Answer 2

A pair of organs located in the back of the abdomen. Filters blood - removes waste, controls body’s fluid balance, regulates electrolytes

Question 3

Electrolytes

Answer 3

Are essential minerals. Minerals are necessary for nerve and muscle function and other critical processes

Question 4

Nephrons

Answer 4

A microscopic filter for the blood.

Question 5

Kidney pelvis

Answer 5

Aka RENAL (refers to kidneys) pelvis. Collects the urine created as the kidney filters blood

Question 6

Ureter

Answer 6

Tube of smooth muscle that propels urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. The urethra is a tube that connects the urinary bladder to an external opening for the removal of fluids from the body

Question 7

Cystoscopy

Answer 7

Cyst = bladder. A procedure that lets a doctor look inside the bladder and the urethra. A thin lighted tube called a cystoscope is used. May require a catheter for a few days after to drain your bladder

Question 8

Urologists

Answer 8

Surgical specialists who focus on anatomical or structural disorders of the kidneys and urinary tract. Kidney stones, kidney blockages and kidney cancer

Question 9

Nephrologists

Answer 9

Doctors who focus on disorders that affect the way kidneys work; diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Prescribe nonsurgical medical treatments

Question 10

Kidney stones

Answer 10

Nephrolithiasis (lithos means stone). A condition where minerals from urine form calculus (stones) which may grow large enough to block urine flow. Painful or asymptomatic.

Question 11

Calculi

Answer 11

Stones. Lithos =stones

Question 12

vesical

Answer 12

Refers to the bladder.
Intravesical; situated or occurring within the bladder
Infravesical; situated or occurring below the bladder

Question 13

hydronephrosis

Answer 13

The kidney is distended because the flow of urine is obstructed.

Question 14

renal failure

Answer 14

Acute: sudden worsening in kidney function, dehydration, blockage in urinary tract or kidney damage, may be reversible
Chronic; permanent partial loss of kidney function - diabetes and high blood pressure most common causes

Question 15

Dialysis

Answer 15

Dia means through - process for removing waste and excess water from the blood used primarily as an artificial replacement for lost kidney function in people with renal failure