Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NASM CPT > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

Human Movement Science

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NASM ® CPT flashcards
1
Q

the study of how internal and external forces affect a living body (ESPECIALLY the skeletal system)

A

biomechanics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

a position ABOVE a point of reference

A

superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

a position BELOW a point of reference

A

inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

a position near the CENTER of your body or a point of reference

A

proximal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is an example of a proximal joint position?

A

your knee joint is more proximal to your hip joint than your ankle joint is.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

a position that is FARTHER away from the center of your body or point of reference

A

distal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is an example of a distal body position?

A

your ankle is more distal to your hips than your knees are.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

refers to the front of your body facing forward

A

anterior / ventral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

refers to the back of your body

A

posterior / distal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

refers to things close to the midline of the body

A

medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Give an example of a medial body part…

A

adductors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

positioned on the outside of the body

A

lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Give an example of a lateral body part…

A

abductors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

these are body parts located on the same side of your body

A

ipsilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give an example of two ipsilateral body parts…

A

your left foot is ipsilateral to your left hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the anatomic position…

A

body is erect, arms at your side with palms facing forward.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

this plane splits the body into RIGHT and LEFT halves.

A

sagittal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are movements in the sagittal plane?

A

Extension and flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

this is a vertical plane breaking up the body into frontal and posterior planes; right angles.

A

frontal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are movements in the frontal plane?

A

abduction and adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the plane that divides the body into a lower and upper section

A

transverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are movements in the transverse plane?

A

internal and external rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

bending movement where a relative angle between two adjacent sections decreases.

A

flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

movement in which the relative angel between adjacent section increase.

A

extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

extension beyond normal limits of the body

A

hyperextension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

the act that typically moves a limb AWAY from the midline of the body.

A

abduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

the act that typically moves a limb TOWARDS the midline of the body.

A

adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

when a limb rotates in the transverse plane going towards the midline of the body

A

internal rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

when a limb rotates in the transverse plane going away from the midline of the body

A

external rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What’s an example of horizontal adduction?

A

a chest fly

31
Q

What’s an example of horizontal abduction?

A

a rear deltoid fly

32
Q

the act of moving the shoulder blades away from the midline

A

scapular motion

33
Q

the act of moving the shoulder blades in the direction of the midline

A

scapular retraction

34
Q

the act of elevating the shoulder blades towards the superior

A

scapular elevation

35
Q

the active lowering of the shoulder blades towards the inferior

A

scapular depression

36
Q

contraction is accompanied by the shortening of the muscle tissue

A

concentric (muscle action)

37
Q

contraction accompanies by the lengthening of the muscle tissue

A

eccentric (muscle action)

38
Q

when no change in the length of the muscle happens

A

isometric (muscle action)

39
Q

when the contraction speed of a muscle is constant

A

isokinetic (muscle action)

40
Q

any movement that results in the speeding up or slowing down of an object

A

force

41
Q

the perfect length of a muscle that will result in the most force produced; the ability of a muscle to produce force at its current range.

A

length-tension relationship

42
Q

the movement of a system or force that typically leads to a rotation; something that tends to produce rotation or torsion.

A

torque

43
Q

the rotational movements from the joints

A

rotary motion

44
Q

What is sensorimotor integration?

A

how the muscular and nervous systems cooperate in order to gather and interpret information to execute a movement.

45
Q

the cumulative sensory input to the CNS from all various mechanoreceptors that sense limb movement and body position.

A

proprioception

46
Q

What does proprioception training target and improve?

A

coordination, posture, and balance

47
Q

muscle controlled by the CNS to produce the same movements

A

synergistic muscles / muscle synergy

48
Q

the maturation of muscle coordination

A

motor development

49
Q

the process of improving one’s motor skills with practice; results in lasting changes / one’s overall capability of responding

A

motor learning

50
Q

the process where people use cognition in order to coordinate the muscles and limbs of the body

A

motor control

51
Q

the overall study of motor development, learning, and control; one’s response to external and internal stimuli from the environment.

A

motor behavior

52
Q

information one gathers about their performance from external sources (visual, verbal, or written)

A

external feedback

53
Q

how one personally feels after they have practiced or performed a certain skill.

A

internal feedback

54
Q

biological system where the response of the output affects the initial input; sensory system gathers input from motor system in order to adapt/learn new motor skills.

A

feedback system

55
Q

the frontal plane splits the body into…

A

posterior and anterior sections

56
Q

the axis of rotation in the frontal plane is…

A

anterior and posterior axis

57
Q

the joint motions of the frontal plane are…

A

abduction and adduction; ankle inversion and eversion; lateral flexion

58
Q

What are some exercise examples done in the frontal plane?

A

pull-ups; BB shoulder press; hip abduction/adduction with cable.

59
Q

the transverse plane splits the body into…

A

upper and lower (inferior and superior) sections.

60
Q

the axis of rotation in the transverse plane is…

A

longitudinal / vertical

61
Q

the joint motions in the transverse plane are…

A

pronation, supination; internal / external rotation; horizontal abduction / adduction.

62
Q

What are some exercise examples done in the transverse plane?

A

trunk rotation (think wall ball slams); internal rotation; wood chops; cable chest fly (horizontal adduction); rear felt fly (horizontal abduction).

63
Q

the sagittal plane splits the body into…

A

right and left halves

64
Q

the axis of rotation in the sagittal plane is…

A

coronal (the medial-lateral axis)

65
Q

the joint motion of the sagittal plane is..

A

extension and flexion

66
Q

What are some exercise examples done in the sagittal plane?

A

hamstring curls (flexion); BB bicep curls (flex); quadricep extensions (ext); skull crushers (tricep ext).

67
Q

What are some examples of common force couples?

A

Hip/Knee extension during walking/running/climbing; gluteus max, quads, and calves.
Elbow Flexion/Bicep Curls; shortening of the brachioradialus, brachial, and biceps brachii.

68
Q

Describe a Type I Lever…

A

the fulcrum sits directly between the energy moving the weight, and the weight itself.

69
Q

What are some examples of a Type I Lever?

A

scissors, seesaws, crowbars, a hammer extracting a nail…

70
Q

Describe a Type II Lever…

A

the fulcrum is at one end, the weight is in the middle, and the force is being applied on the opposite end.

71
Q

What are some examples of a Type II Lever?

A

wheelbarrows, can openers, staplers.

72
Q

Describe a Type III Lever…

A

the fulcrum is on one end, the weight is on the other, and the force(s) being applied are in the middle.
***Note that with this type, more force needs to be applied, but in return the weight gets moved a much large distance.

73
Q

What are some examples of a Type III Lever?

A

fishing rod, broom, baseball bat.

NASM CPT (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions