Chapter 4 Flashcards
Exercise Metabolism and Bioenergetics
the process where energy is made available; the accumulation of chemical and physical processes by which material substance is created, destroyed and maintained.
metabolism
the study of how energy transforms within living systems.
bioenergetics
the total of all the bodily processes from the stress that exercise produces.
exercise metabolism
the substance acted on by an enzyme
substrate
organic compound that is the primary supporting tissue for plants.
carbohydrate
sugar that comes in many forms, occurring primarily in tissues, fluids, and fruits; primary end product after the digestion of carbs.
glucose
polysaccharide; tasteless, white, primary carbohydrate storage in mammals; occurs primarily in the muscles and liver.
glycogen
organic compound that is insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol and ether.
fat
three fatty acids connected to a glycerol; makes up most of the fat storage in the human body.
triglycerides
multiple linked AAs (20+) in a linear sequence forming one or more polypeptide chains.
protein
when glucose is formed from a non-carbohydrate such as fats or protein.
gluconeogenesis
the transfer and energy storage unit inside of the cells of the body.
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
What happens when the chemical bonds that hold together ATP break?
energy is released for work (such as the contraction of a muscle), leaving behind ADP (adenosine diphosphate)
a compound of high energy from which ATP is formed.
ADP / adenosine diphosphate
defines the elevation in metabolism after higher intensity exercises
EPOC / Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption
