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NASM CPT > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

The Cardiorespiratory System

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NASM ® CPT flashcards
1
Q

Carry blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.

A

Arteries

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2
Q

Return blood to the heart from the rest of the body.

A

Veins

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3
Q

the amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction.

A

stroke volume

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4
Q

What is the formula for cardiac output?

A

heart rate x stroke volume

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5
Q

the “pacemaker” of the heart; initiates the heartbeat

A

SA “sinoatrial” node

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6
Q

What is the typical heart rate for an adult?

A

70-80 bpm

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7
Q

What are the two pairs of heart chambers called?

A

The atriums and ventricles

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8
Q

What is the function of the right atrium?

A

Receives the (oxygen-deficient) blood coming from the body.

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9
Q

What is the function of the left atrium?

A

Receives the (oxygen-rich) blood that comes from the lungs and the heart.

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10
Q

What is the function of the right ventricle?

A

Pumps blood back to the heart and lungs; thinner walls (shorter distance).

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11
Q

What is the function of the left ventricle?

A

Pumps blood to the rest of the body; thicker walls and much higher pressure pump (longer distance).

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12
Q

What are the three functions of blood?

A

Protection (WBCs; blood clotting), Regulation (body temp; electrolyte, water, and pH balance), and Transportation (nutrients and oxygen; hormones; waste).

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13
Q

What muscles comprise the respiratory pump for inhalation?

A

scalene muscles, pec minor, sternocleidomastoid, and diaphragm.

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14
Q

What muscles comprise the respiratory pump for exhalation?

A

internal intercostals and abdominal muscles.

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15
Q

What is the cycle of the respiratory pump (venous return) for inhalation?

A
  1. Thoracic cavity expands.
  2. Pressure within pleural cavities drops.
  3. Pulls air into lungs.
  4. Brings blood in the IVC (inferior vena cava) and right atrium from smaller veins in the abdominal cavity.
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16
Q

What is the cycle of the respiratory pump (venous return) for exhalation?

A
  1. Pressure in pleural cavities rise.
  2. Forces blood into right atrium.
    (Important especially for heavy exercises!)
17
Q

What are the smaller chambers located superiorly on either side of the heart that gather blood returning to the heart (much like a reservoir)?

A

the Atria

18
Q

What structure of the heart is termed the “pacemaker?”

A

The SA or Sinoatrial node

19
Q

Which section of the heart gathers oxygenated rich blood coming from the lungs?

A

the left atrium

NASM CPT (20 decks)

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