Chapter 5 Flashcards
Large quantities of radiation applied to a combustable material can cause ___ .
Autoignition
___ is when a flame or spark is applied.
Piloted ignition
Describes the vertical spread of fire on the exterior of a multi story building, from one floor to the floors above.
Autoexposure
Initial stage of the fire after ignition, usually involving a single or small number of combustibles.
Incipient
The secondary stage of fire. Fire spreads to adjacent combustible materials.
Free Burning
A transitional stage of the fire, in which surfaces within the compartment ignite simultaneously and fire spreads throughout.
Flashover
Glowing combustion takes place without flame. Key components of the tetrahedron are in short supply.
Smoldering/decay stage
A fire will pull oxygen in from a doorway or other opening and draw it into the fire itself, which is known as ___.
Entrainment
If winds exceed ___, their role in driving the fire within a building must be considered from a tactical standpoint.
10-20 mph
Aluminum will melt at around ___.
1,200°F
On November 28th, ___, rapid fire grown was responsible for ___ deaths in the Cocoanut Grove nightclub fire in ___.
1942…. 492… Boston
When punched with holes, fiberboard becomes combustible ___.
Acoustical tile
When punched with holes, high-density fiberboard is called ___.
Pegboard
NIST researchers noted that CO generation in void spaces could be as much as ___ times what is normally generated.
50
If there is no wall, there is no room; it is a ___.
Corridor
Flame spread restrictions in codes are typically strictest for ___.
Corridors
A ___ watt bulb can ignite cotton.
100 watt
Polyurethan foam… Samples of this foam ignite after a ___ second application of flame from a butane lighter.
1 second
The NFPA produced two movies, ___ and ___, which gave graphic demonstrations of how fast a fire grows in todays interior environments.
Fire: Countdown to Disaster and Fire Power
In Fire: Countdown to Disaster, a sparsely furnished bedroom develops violent backdraft explosion in fewer than ___ minutes.
3 minutes
A defective ballast in fluorescent fixtures can reach temperatures of ___.
1,500°F
It is the solid particles, typically ___, that give smoke its opaqueness.
Carbon
In smoke, the liquid particulates include ___ and ___.
Acrolein… and halogen acids
In smoke, gases include a myriad of different materials, including ___, ___, and ___.
CO, Hydrogen Cyanide(HCN), and carbon dioxide.
___, the most prevalent of the toxic fire gases.
CO
Haber’s rule states that any exposure in which the concentration in ppm x minutes exposed = ___ is likely to be dangerous.
33,000
According to the NFPA Fire Protection Handbook, a ___ minute exposure to ___ ppm of CO would be hazardous, possibly incapacitating.
10 minute… 3,500 ppm
Exposure to ___ ppm of CO may be fatal after only a few breaths.
12,500 ppm
Ventilation of the building does not prevent ___.
CO explosions
Radioactive material ___ were used as non flammable coolants in transformers.
PCB’s (polychlorinated biphenyl)
Garbage chutes are one of the truly open shafts in high-rise buildings. The door is a ___.
90 degree pull down, self closing door.
Modern bunker gear can withstand temperatures above ___.
220°F
Aluminum anneals when exposed to prolonged heat of ___ and higher.
350°F
Use a gas monitor to ensure that CO levels are below ___.
35 ppm
The crew going to investigate a fire alarm should always have a ___.
2.5 gallon pressurized water extinguisher
