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9th Grade Biology > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

when is protein gradient created?

A

he product of the electron transport chain.

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2
Q

ATP synthase ezyme

A

creates atp

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3
Q

Do enxymes catalyze every chemical event in cells?

A

Yes

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4
Q

Cofcator

A

metal ion or organic compound

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5
Q

Substrate of catalase

A

h202

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6
Q

Catalase has

A

four cofactors called hemes

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7
Q

When a phosphate group is transferred from one moeucle to another

A

phosphorylation

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8
Q

ATP is a ____

A

coenxyme

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9
Q

Lipid head

A

glycerol and phoshate

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10
Q

Diffusion is drievn by -___ energy

A

kinetic

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11
Q

May need faciliated diffusion if

A

carrying a charge or polar

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12
Q

What diffuses through membrane easily>

A

Lipids, o2 and co2

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13
Q

Cell ruptures

A

cytolysis

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14
Q

animal cells drinks due to hypertonic solution

A

crenation

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15
Q

Water rushes out of plant cell

A

plasmolysis

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16
Q

Catalysis of red blood cell

A

hemolysis

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17
Q

Electrons are at a ____ energy level when they enter a chain than when they leave

A

higher

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18
Q

Atoms of metal elements

A

ready lose or gain electrons

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19
Q

Are cofactors always bound to enzyme?

A

No

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20
Q

Catalase’s substrate is

A

h202

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21
Q

Catalase is an

A

antioxidant

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22
Q

Bonds between phosphate groups hold ___ of energy compared to other bonds

A

a lot

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23
Q

forms when enzyme transfers phosphate group from ATP to another molecule

A

AdP

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24
Q

ATP used to drive ___ reactions

A

ender

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25
Q

Chrage affect?

A

Positively charges substance like sodium ions diffuses toward region with neg

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26
Q

the amount of turgor that is enough to stop osmosis

A

osmotic pressure

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27
Q

Osmosis is ___ transport

A

Passive

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28
Q

what forms ATP

A

ATP synthase enzyme

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29
Q

loss of turgor pressure due to hypertonic

A

plasmolysis

30
Q

what type proteins does facilitated diffusion use

A

carrier proteins

31
Q

When membrane changes charge and it opens the gate

A

voltage charge

32
Q

Gated ion channels controlled by

A

electrical symbols

33
Q

moves H pluses

A

proton pump

34
Q

negative charge inside, positive charge outside

A

resting potential

35
Q

sodium potassium pump restores

A

resting potential

36
Q

Describes a reaction ends with net release free energy

A

exergonic

37
Q

redox reaction aka

A

electron transfer

38
Q

Disesase destroy liver tissue

A

Alcoholic hepatitis

39
Q

molecules of substance bind to receptors on PM

A

receptor- mediated endocytosis

40
Q

pumps water out of cell

A

contractile vacuole

41
Q

transport protein through which ions pass

A

ion channel

42
Q

aerobic resp ____ energy

A

harvest

43
Q

what contributes to free energy

A

bond energy and entropy

44
Q

release energy when combine with

A

02

45
Q

___ is example of metabolic pathway

A

photosynthesis

46
Q

force substrates
orienting
inducing fit
shutting out water

are what

A

how they lower activation energy

47
Q

form between reactants and products

A

intermediate molecuesl

48
Q

where are reactions produced

A

active site

49
Q

reach breaking point

A

transition state

50
Q

in induced fit what changes

A

enzyme

51
Q

pepsin likes ___ pH

A

low

52
Q

adding heat nrg

A

boosts free org

53
Q

Uses ETC?

A

Photosynthesis

54
Q

Is atp a cofactor

A

yes

55
Q

What couples end with ex?

A

ATP/ADP

56
Q

weakens bond to help reaction

A

induced fit

57
Q

too much salt what happens

A

hydrogen bonds break and denature

58
Q

two types of metabolic pathways

A

linear and ciclclic

59
Q

cyclical examples

A

Krebs – cell respects

Calvin – photo

60
Q

Coupling forward/reverse
Regulatory molecules
Allosteric
Feedback inhibition

All what

A

control over metabolism

61
Q

Substrate of catalase?

A

h202

62
Q

h202 leads to

A

free radicals

63
Q

what does facilitated diffusion use

A

carrier proteins

64
Q

Carrier proteins might make up

A

cell membrane pumps

65
Q

Normal cells have

A

higher na plus outside

high k plus inside

66
Q

carrier proteins pump

A

3 na plus out, 2 potassium ions in

67
Q

Maintains correct charge inandout

A

potential difference

68
Q

what is sodium potassium pump good for

A

nerve cell function

69
Q

3 types of Active transport

A

Molecular pumps
Endocytosis
Exocytosis

70
Q

Proton pump good for

A

photo/cell resp

71
Q

What carries out endocytosis

A

a phagocyte

9th Grade Biology (18 decks)

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