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9th Grade Biology > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does lac operon allow?

A

Allows E. coli to metabolize lactose

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2
Q

Transcription factor that increase the rate of transcription

A

activator

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3
Q

Mutated BRCA found in

A

breast ovarian cancer cells

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4
Q

micro rna comp to

A

part of mRNA

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5
Q

Operon

A

group of genes with a promoter-operator DNA sequence that controls their transcription

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6
Q

Homeodomian:

A

Region 60 aa bind to promoter or other nucleotide sequence

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7
Q

-COCH3

A

acetyl

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8
Q

Operator is a binding site in DNA for a ____

A

repressor

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9
Q

Repressor is a ___ factor

A

transcription

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10
Q

Aniridia

A

eye disorder

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11
Q

Eye gene

A

PAX6

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12
Q

cut up

A

RNA interference

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13
Q

Transcription factor

A

protein that influences transcription by binding directly to DNA

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14
Q

Transcription factor 2 types

A

activator
repressor

insulator

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15
Q

CH3

A

methyl

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16
Q

protein not function til changed

A

glycoprotein

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17
Q

Zip code located

A

before Plly a tail

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18
Q

Cytoplasm is ___ enviro for mRNA

A

hostile

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19
Q

cell uses ___ percent of genes

A

10

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20
Q

___ bind directly to DNA

A

transcription factors

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21
Q

What do repressors bind to?

A

Promoters
Silencers
Operators

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22
Q

activator b____

A

recruit RNA polymerase to prmoter or enhancer

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23
Q

only accessible to rna polymerase if

A

unwound from histones

24
Q

delay to post transcription modification

A

prevent guanine cap

25
Q

Alternative splicing category

A

II

26
Q

fibronectin is in

A

liver

27
Q

fibronectin is

A

soluble

28
Q

mRNA localization

A

deliver mRNA to specific region, zip code

29
Q

mRNA localizatoin category

A

II

30
Q

What does insulation do

A

overrides a silencer and enhancer

31
Q

Cap on zip code category

A

III

32
Q

what does zip code cap do

A

degrades mRNA

33
Q

micrornas category

A

III

34
Q

In prokaryotes how if translation shut off

A

antisense rna

35
Q

What forms glycoprotein

A

lipidation

36
Q

master genes have

A

longer transcript, poly A tail,

37
Q

where does gene expression start

A

unfertilized egg

38
Q

where is protein gradient

A

Once egg is fertilized, mRNAs are translated making gradient in embryo

39
Q

What determines which master genes

A

portions of nucleus exposed to gradients

40
Q

how do homeotic genes encode transcription factors

A

homeodomain

41
Q

Barr bodies are

A

condensed

42
Q

How many genes on X

A

1336

43
Q

how many genes on y

A

307

44
Q

what are responsible for hormones

A

gonads

45
Q

Flower order

A

sepal
petal
stamen
carpel

46
Q

what is carpel

A

female repdocudctive

47
Q

do pros have master genes

A

no

48
Q

Sepal is inner/outer

A

outer n

49
Q

if no lactose, passes into

A

LI

50
Q

lactose made of

A

glucose-galactose

51
Q

3 genes?

A

move lactose in
break it down
unknown

52
Q

Once a dna nucleotide is methyalated

A

remains methylated in cell

s descendants

53
Q

3 genes are silenced

A

repressor binds to operator making loo[

54
Q

What do BRAC1 and BRAC2 control

A

chromosomes in dividing cells

help repair dna

55
Q

why

A

XISt rna doesn’t coat X chromosome in cancer cell

56
Q

BRCA1 gene’s protein product

A

associates with XIST rna gene

9th Grade Biology (18 decks)

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