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9th Grade Biology > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Secondary structure patterns?

A

loops, helixes (coils), or flat sheets

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2
Q

Do most proteins have similar ss patterns?

A

Yes

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3
Q

What are elements of amino acid?

A 
organic 
carboxyl group 
amine group 
R Group 
Carbon atom
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4
Q

RNA look like

A

single-traded chain of nucleotides

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5
Q

double layer of lipids arranged tail to tail

A

lipid bilayer

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6
Q

short chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

A

peptide

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7
Q

what DNA look like

A

two chains of nucleotides twisted into double helix

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8
Q

Role of ATP

A

Energy carrier in cells

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9
Q

What defines the type of protein?

A

Primary structure

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10
Q

Can a functional group be hydrogen?

A

NO

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11
Q

what do functional groups bond to?

A

carbon of organic molecule

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12
Q

Organic molecule has one or more polypeptides

A

Protein

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13
Q

long fa tails to long chain alcohol or carbon rings

A

wax

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14
Q

long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

A

polypeptide

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15
Q

What type of bonding in starch and glycogen/what mono ?

A

glucose

covalent

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16
Q

highly branched chains

A

glycogen

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17
Q

short chain of covalently bonded monosaccharides; attached to lipids or proteins, they help immunity

A

oligo

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18
Q

What do oligo tach to

A

lipids or proteins

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19
Q

What type of bonding between onosaccharaide?

A

Covalent

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20
Q

One or more polypeptide chains covalently bonded together

A

quartenary

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21
Q

Support cell part and, as part of tissues, multi celled bodies. They are what mainly makes up featers, hooves,

A

structural protein

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22
Q

all lipids are

A

hydrophobic

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23
Q

tail is

A

hydrophobic, attracted to oil

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24
Q

head is

A

philic `

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25
Q

secondary forms bonds ____

A

between func. groups in aa

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26
Q

tertiary two

A

pockets and crevices

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27
Q

does every chain with same aa fold same way?

A

Yes

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28
Q

What change protein shape?

A

detergent, heat, ph

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29
Q

RNA function

A

protein synthesis

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30
Q

What does functional group bond to

A

carbon of organic compound

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31
Q

what bonds hold nucleotides chains of DNA

A

hydrogen

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32
Q

Hydrogenatoin

A

manufacturing process that adds H atoms to oil to change them to solid fats

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33
Q

Chem form for monomer

A

C6 H12 06

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34
Q

Carb elements/ration

A

CHO 1:2:1

35
Q

Carb functions

A
  1. quick nrg

2. structural purposes (cell wall, exoskeleton)

36
Q

Lipids elements/ratio

A

CHO no set ratio

37
Q

functional group on carbodydrate

A

OH hydroxyl

38
Q

functional groups on lipids

A

fatty acid chain carboxyl (COOH)

Hydroxyl (OH)

39
Q

Lipids functiona

A
  1. Makes up cell membranes

water proof

40
Q

What are lipids component of?

A

Many hormones and vitamins?

41
Q

what does amino acid have?

A 
central carbon 
amine group 
carboxyl 
Hydrogen
R group
42
Q

Elements/Ratio of proteins

A

CHON

43
Q

What is P

A

Phosphates

44
Q

Functional groups on proteins?

A

amine
carboxyl
R group

45
Q

What is dipep?

A

2 aa

46
Q

What is polyps?

A

3 to 100 aa

47
Q

what is enzymes?

A

101 to thousands of aa’s

48
Q

Functions of proteins

A
  1. Account for diversity of life
    Controls rate of reactions
    Structural component in skin, muscle, bones
    Cell maker and receptor
49
Q

What are antibodies, blood clotting, factors and some horses?

A

Proteins

50
Q

What does a nucleotide have?

A

5 carbon sugar
Phosphate group
nitrogen base

51
Q

elements/ratio nucleotide

A

CHONP

52
Q

Functional groups on nucleic acids

A

Phosphate group PO4

53
Q

Nucleic acids functions

A

blueprints of life
genetic info
Controls all cell activities

54
Q

oligo is usually

A

attached to protein to make a glycoprotein, immune response

55
Q

What is a oligo attached to polypeptide

A

glycoprotein

56
Q

When enzymes bond lipids to a protein

A

lipoproteins

57
Q

What is oligo usually attached to

A

protein

58
Q

ATP is a…

A

modified nucleotide because 3 phosphates

59
Q

Function ATP

A

store energy

60
Q

If ATP hydrolysis

A

ADP, then AMP

61
Q

antibodies and receipts are

A

proteins

62
Q

A true protein is

A

100 or more amino acids

63
Q

glycerol polar or not?

A

Polar

64
Q

cell membranes are

A

selectively permeable

65
Q

Phosphate groups are…

A

hydrophilic

66
Q

Steroids don’t have

A

alchohol or fatty acids

67
Q

bad cholesterol is

A

LDL

68
Q

cells remodel cholesterol to produce

A

bile salts, vitamin D, hormones

69
Q

what do bile salts do?

A

Metabolize salts

70
Q

3 aa makes a

A

polypeptide

71
Q

2 aa makes

A

di

72
Q

100 or more makes

A

protein

73
Q

Secondary strucutre

A

plated sheet or alpha helix

74
Q

bond between side chains

A

tertiary

75
Q

PrPC is a

A

glycoprotein

76
Q

what is prion

A

PRPC

77
Q

where in PrPC

A

cell membrane

78
Q

Is atp a nucleotide?

A

Yes

79
Q

How do nucleic acids bond?

A

sugar of one nucleotide bonded to phosphate group of the next

80
Q

Stores and transfers info for protein syntehsis

A

RNA

81
Q

ATP is what number

A

3rd phosphate (greatest energy)

82
Q

Where is glycogen found?

A

muscles and liver

83
Q

3 carbon is

A

glycerol

9th Grade Biology (18 decks)

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