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BRT > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is survey research?

A

Research based on a questionnaire to which respondents record their answers.

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2
Q

Which two ways to gather information via survey?

A

Interviewers asking quetions,

Respondents reading questions.

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3
Q

When do you use surveys?

A

When you want to say something about the population and you cannot measure the population.

When you are interested in quantitative descriptors.

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4
Q

Which four design decisions for survey research are there?

A

1, operationalization
2, decide on survey mode
3, appearance
4, data collection

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5
Q

What is operationalization? (Of a survey)

A

Reduction of abstract concepts.
Render them measurable.

(Meetbaar maken van een stelling)

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6
Q

Which two types of questions are there?

A

Open-ended

Closed-ended

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7
Q

What are open-ended questions?

A

Respondents choose their own answer.

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8
Q

What are closed-ended questions?

A

Respondents make choices among answers.

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9
Q

Advantage and disadvantage of open-ended questions?

A

Advantage: No limit on on response.
Disadvantage: Difficult to respond and analyze.

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10
Q

Advantage and disadvantage of closed-ended questions?

A

Advantage: Helps respondents make decisions.
Disadvantage: Alternatieven antwoorden moeten goed gekozen zijn.

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11
Q

What is a single-item measure?

A

Concrete singular object/answer.

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12
Q

What is a multi-item measure?

A

When more then one item is measured use scales.

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13
Q

What are advantages off-the-shelf-scales?

A

Good validity and realiability,
Comparability of results,
Low cost.

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14
Q

What are disadvantages off-the-shelf-scales?

A

Not tailored to your exact research,

Maybe require translation.

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15
Q

What to avoid when developing questions?

A 
Double-bareled,
Ambiguous,
Leading,
Loaded,
Double negatives.
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16
Q

What are double-bareled questions?

A

Single question multiple measures. (… &. ..)

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17
Q

What are ambiguous questions?

A

Clear what the subject is not multi applicability.

Niet duidelijk wat er gevraagd wordt.

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18
Q

What are leading questions?

A

Pushing the respondent into an answer.

19
Q

What are loaded questions?

A

Strikvraag emotioneel onderlegd en vaak negatief.

20
Q

What are double negative questions?

A

Double no in question and answer.

21
Q

Name three types of comparative scales?

A

Paired comparison,
Rank ordering,
Constant sum.

22
Q

Name three types of non-comparative scales?

A

Continuous rating scale,
Likert scale,
Semantic differentials.

23
Q

Which three factors play a role with how the data are collected?

A

Measurement,
Economics,
Representation.

24
Q

What is mixed-mode design?

A

Using multiple platforms (web plus mail).

25
Q

Which factors play a role with the appearence of the questionnaire?

A

Good introduction,
Giving instructions/organizing,
Personal data,
Concluding.

26
Q

How to pre-test questionnaire?

A

Pick 5/10 people,
Let them think out load,
Then improve.

27
Q

When is the response rate low?

A

Internal: 30/40
External: 10/15

28
Q

How can you increase response rate?

A

Maximize rewards,
Minimize costs,
Maximize trust.

29
Q

What is validity?

A

Does the instrument measure what it was intendend?

30
Q

What is realibility?

A

Are the data ccurate and consistent.

31
Q

When are participants more likely to give a socially desirable state?

A

On the phone and face-to-face.

32
Q

How can you measure reliability of a survey?

A

Multi-item: Cronbach’s alpha.

Between 0 and 1 above 0.7 is good.

33
Q

What is rank ordering?

A

Ranken.

34
Q

What is paired comparison?

A

kies twee uit een aantal.

35
Q

What is constant sum?

A

Dividing a sum of point between choices.

36
Q

What is Continuous rating scale?

A

Van 1 tot 100.

37
Q

Categorical scales should be?

A

Mutually exclusive,

Collectivly exhausting.

38
Q

What is mutually exclusive?

A

Only one answer applies.

39
Q

What is collectivly exhausting?

A

All answer posibilities are available.

40
Q

Measurement is made up of

A

Interactivity
Multi-media
Interviewer presence
Self-administration

41
Q

Respresentation is made up of?

A

Coverage quality
Sampling control
Response rate

42
Q

Economics is made up of?

A

Sample size
Questionnaire size
Survey speed
Survey cost

43
Q

What is the goal of a pre-test?

A

Catch errors
Discover sensitive topics
Check categories
Optimize length

44
Q

What can you do to minimize socialy desirable responding?

A

Deliberately leading/loading the question to make it seem normal. (Note in ALL other cases avoid leading and loading)

BRT (15 decks)

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